This paper analyses the evolution of electricity prices in deregulated market. I formulate a model that takes into account the spatial features of a network of a market. The model is applied to equilibrium electricity spot prices of the PJM market. An empirical analysis indicates that the problem of unobserved spatial correlation in the network can be modeled by the Spatial Error Model providin...

Distributed Generation (DG) can help in reducing the cost of electricity to the costumer, relieve network congestion and provide environmentally friendly energy close to load centers. Its capacity is also scalable and it provides voltage support at distribution level. Hence, DG placement and penetration level is an important problem for both the utility and DG owner. The cost of electricity as ...

The European electricity and gas markets have been deregulated more than two decades before. From rather diverse starting points, they continuously evolved over the years to accommodate with new challenges improve integration. Since 2005, these complemented by market for emission certificates established Union (EU) trading system. Three partly competing paradigms thereby shaped continue drive t...

It is widely acknowledged that electricity price forecasting become an essential factor in operational activities, planning, and scheduling for the participant price-setting market, nowadays. Nevertheless, became a complex signal due to its non-stationary, non-linearity, time-variant behavior. Consequently, variety of artificial intelligence techniques are proposed provide efficient method shor...