Direct seeding method of rice planting offers several advantages. However, all rice cultivars are not suitable for this practice. In this report forty-three high yield rice varieties and an anoxia/hypoxia tolerant control land race were studied to verify their suitability to establish seedling under anaerobic conditions. The study was conducted in controlled field conditions. The percentage of ...

Although functional trait variability is increasingly used in community ecology, the scale- and size-dependent aspects of trait variation are usually disregarded. Here we quantified the spatial structure of shoot height, branch length, root/shoot ratio and leaf number in a macrophyte species Potamogeton maackianus, and then disentangled the environmental and ontogenetic effects on these traits....

Many combinatorial optimization and constraint satisfaction problems can be formulated as a search for the best leaf in a tree of bounded depth. When exhaustive enumeration is infeasible, a rational strategy visits leaves in increasing order of predicted cost. Previous systematic algorithms for this setting follow predetermined search orders, making strong implicit assumptions about predicted c...

Proof. Lets assume that there are two nodes u and v in depth d for which the calculated lower bound is optimal, and u is visited first among all nodes in depth d with optimal lower bound. This implies that the lower bound of v is not smaller than the lower bound of u. A best-first search Branch-and-Bound algorithm only visits nodes with lower bounds not greater than the global minimum. It follo...

Background  Many biomaterials are used during the open sinus lift surgery, beneath the elevated scheniderian membrane and maxillary sinus bony floor but the search for Ideal material continues. Methods  In the maxillary posterior atrophic ridges with the bone height less than four millimeters the open sinus lift surgery performed. The autologous Platelet-rich plasma (PRF) was used as the sol...

statement of problem: variation in paranasal sinus anatomy as shown on computed tomographic scans is of potential significance for it may pose risks during surgery or predispose to certain pathologic conditions. purpose: the aim of this study was to assess the relative frequency and concurrence of variations in paranasal sinus anatomy in a given population and to compare the results with previo...

Root distribution is treated as a static component in most current dynamic vegetation models (DVMs). While changes in leaf and stem biomass are reflected in leaf area index (LAI) and vegetation height via specific leaf area (SLA) and allometric relationships, most DVMs assume that changes in root biomass do not result in changes in the root distribution profile and rooting depth. That is, the f...

Introduction: A hydatid cyst of the head and neck is a very rare condition, even in areas where Echinococcus infestation is endemic.   Case Report: We report a rare case of primary hydatid cyst of the right maxillary sinus in a 40-year-old man. The initial diagnosis of the presence of a cystic mass was the result of physical examination and computed tomography (CT) scan. We resected the cystic ...

frontal sinus fractures are of surgical importance because of the microbial flora covering the frontal air sinus and it's proximity with the duramater and brain. there is an increased risk of meningitis when fracture of the posterior wall of the frontal sinus is associated with a dural tear. in this condition, communication occurs between the contaminated space of the air sinus and the int...

Introduction Perforation of maxillary sinus mucous membrane is of the most prevalent complication during open sinus lift surgery. Moreover, such complication can usually be managed by an absorbable membrane. As far as absorbable membranes are concerned, decellularized maxillary sinus mucous membranes, which is an extracellular matrix, can be used as a biologic scaffold and insulating membrane ...