BACKGROUND Affective bias is a common feature of depressive disorder. However, a lack of longitudinal studies means that the temporal relationship between affective bias and depression is not well understood. One group where studies of affective bias may be particularly warranted is the adolescent offspring of depressed parents, given observations of high rates of depression and a severe and im...

OBJECTIVE To determine the independent effects of parental depression and family discord on psychopathology in offspring at high and low risk for major depression. METHOD One hundred eighty-two offspring of depressed or nondepressed parents were followed over 10 years. In direct interviews, parents' and offspring's psychopathology was evaluated by raters blind to parents' clinical status. Fiv...

background depression disorder is the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder associated with epilepsy, and a correlation has been detected between depression and suicide. there is a relationship between suicidal behavior and coping mechanisms; therefore, it is important to undertake psychoanalytic psychotherapy to reduce depressive symptoms. objectives to evaluate the coping mechanisms, depre...

Background: One of the most important issues that requires more attention is the role of philosophy in individual and social life. Although sciences such as psychology and sociology propose their theories based on philosophical foundations, the role of philosophy as a field which can be influential in solving humans’ problems is not paid due attention. One of the sciences where philosophy can h...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a condition which affects the TMJ and muscles of mastication in the stomatognathic system and the associated structures. Several studies have indicated that approximately 60-70% of people suffer from at least one of the symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in their life while only 5% need treatment. Some of evidence have s...

Recent reports of provocative discography not only instill confusion, but also create numerous questions about its value in evaluating low back pain. It was reported that provocative discography produced pain in patients who were not suffering with low back pain but suffering with somatization disorder and depression. This study was designed to evaluate 50 randomly assigned patients, with 25 pa...

The influence of severity of personality disorder on outcome of depression is unclear. Four hundred and ten patients with depression in 9 urban and rural communities in Finland, Ireland, Norway, Spain and the United Kingdom, were randomised to individual problem-solving treatment (n=121), group sessions on depression prevention (n=106) or treatment as usual (n=183). Depressive symptoms were rec...

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between anger management style, depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms in anxiety disorder and somatoform disorder patients. The subjects comprised 71 patients with anxiety disorders and 47 with somatoform disorders. The level of anger expression or anger suppression was assessed by the Anger Expression Scale, the severity of anxiety...