Experiments are reported in which two configurations for ablation-plasma-ion-implantation ~APII! are characterized by diagnostics and compared. The first configuration oriented the target parallel to the deposition substrate. This orientation yielded ion-beam-assisted deposition of thin films. A delay (.5 ms) between laser and high voltage was necessary for this geometry to avoid arcing between...

Spray drying is a valuable technique in pharmaceutical dosage formulation, capable of producing amorphous, spherical powders, suitable for pulmonary deposition and further downstream processing. In this study, we show that spray drying bacteriophages together with trehalose results in an amorphous powder matrix with high glass transition temperature (between 116 and 118°C), typical for amorphou...

An attempt was made to produce carrier particles for dry powder inhalations by the surface treatment of lactose particles with aqueous ethanol solution. Drug/carrier powder mixtures were prepared consisting of lactose carriers with different particle surface properties and micronized salbutamol sulfate. These powder mixtures were aerosolized by Spinhaler, and in vitro deposition properties of s...

Roll-to-roll (RTR) process requires a linear surface treatment source in various processes such as pre-treatment, etching, and deposition. For high speed and large width processes the linear source should have superior characteristics that can be applied to 100~300 m/mim process and large width treatment up to 2 m. Several linear surface treatment sources have been proposed to the RTR process. ...

Warm Dense Matter (WDM) is a challenging science field, which is related to heavy ion inertial fusion and planetary science. It is difficult to expect the behavior because the state with high density and low temperature is completely different from ideal condition. The well-defined WDM generation is required to understand it. Moderate energy ion beams (∼ MeV/u) slightly above Bragg peak is an a...

Techniques for characterization and methods for fabrication at the nano-scale are becoming more powerful, giving new insights into the spatial relationships between nanostructures and greater control over their development. A case in point is the application of state-of-the-art focused ion beam technology (FIB), in combination with high-performance scanning electron microscopy (SEM), giving the...

Chronopotent iometry of chromate in the presence of NiC12 in molten LiCIKCI eutectic reveals a diffusion controlled, three electron reduct ion step. In the presence of excess NiC12, chromate is reduced at --0.35V vs. P t ( I I ) / P t reference electrode and the electroactive species responsible for the chronopotentiometric wave is estimated to have a diffusion coefficient of 1.06 9 10 -5 cm 2 ...

Five rare earth complexeslanthanum(III),praseodymium(III),neodymium(III), samarium(III) and europium(III) have been synthesized from Schiff base ligand (N,N-bis (2-hydroxy-1-naphthylidene) acetylhydrazone). The complexes were characterized based on elemental analysis, molar conductance, ultraviolet, infrared, mass, thermogravimetric and powder X-ray diffraction studies. Infrared spectra sug...

Solid-state Auger-electron angular distributions are known to be largely independent of the type of excitation, following roughly a cosine law for low ejection energies. In this Letter it is shown that the ion-track dynamics and the corresponding high electron temperatures lead to significant variations of these Auger distributions. Ratios for different degrees of inner-shell ionization versus ...

Manufacturing of hardmetal tools often involves surface grinding, ion etching and final coating. Each stage throughout the manufacturing chain introduces surface integrity changes which may be critical for defining the final mechanical behavior of the coated tools. Within this context, an experimental test program has been developed to assess the influence of a coating (TiN) deposition on surfa...