Welcome to Toxicology Reports, a new toxicology journal or the twenty-first century. The new journal is completely pen Access and online-only, and covers a broad range f topics in the fields of toxicology research and clinial sciences. Toxicology Reports is published by Elsevier, ne of the leading academic publishers worldwide, with large portfolio of toxicology journals. The first quesion one ...

*Reproductive Toxicology Group, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; ^Department of Toxicology, Crop Protection Division, Ciba-Geigy, Greensboro, North Carolina; ^Comparative Medicine Clinical Research Center, Departments of Comparative Medicine and Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Bowman Gray School of Medic...

The development of alternative methods to animal experimentation has progressed rapidly over the last 20 years. Today, in vitro and in silico methods have an important role in the hazard identification and assessment of toxicology profile of compounds. Advanced alternative methods and their combinations are also used for safety assessment of final products. Several alternative methods, which we...

BACKGROUND Alcohol and drug abuse are recognized to be significantly prevalent in trauma patients, and are frequent harbingers of injury. The incidence of substance abuse in elderly trauma patients has, however, been limitedly examined. The authors sought to identify the spectrum of positive alcohol and drug toxicology screens in patients ≥65 years admitted to a Level I trauma center. METHODS...

BACKGROUND the ingestion of chemical agents, of caustic nature, represents a serious problem for clinical toxicology. If the ingestion doesn't cause death during the acute period, it will most often cause severe side effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract during the chronic phase. AIMS The purpose of this study is to show the clinical, epidemiological and socio-economical characteristics...

Toxicology is a multidisciplinary study of poisons, aimed to correlate the quantitative and qualitative relationships between poisons and their physiological and behavioural effects in living systems. Other key aspects of toxicology focus on elucidation of the mechanisms of action of poisons and development of remedies and treatment plans for associated toxic effects. In these endeavours, Mass ...

Hormesis, a dose-response phenomenon characterized by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition, has been the object of controversy due to its challenging of basic understandings of the dose-response relationship and implications for risk assessment. The author addresses issues relating to the definition of hormesis, the relationship of hormesis to risk assessment and risk management, a...

The American College of Toxicology is committed to advancing the science of toxicology as a means of protecting the health and safety of both people and animals for the preservation of our environment. The College recognizes that the continued use of animals for research is a necessary and critical component in pursuit of this commitment. However, it is the position of the College that when ani...

Medical management, is a team work and the nature of clinical toxicology is multidisciplinary. Internal organs problems following intoxications are included in field of internal medicine; similar problems in poisoned children brings pediatric medicine into the arena. The emergency nature of many acute intoxications, the legal problems of poisoned patients, respiratory assist in unconscious case...

recently, some natural products have been used in the fields as alternative to synthetic compounds, to minimize the negative impacts to the environment. this study aimed to verify the effects of neem-based bio-pesticide in causing acute toxicity for a fish and chronic toxicity for a microcrustacean. to this end, danio rerio and daphnia magna were exposed to various concentrations of a neem-base...