This study investigates indirect tax shocks' influences on GDP and inflation in Iran’s economy, using a DSGE (Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium) model. The results indicate that shock cause equal to one standard deviation consumption can reduce by 0.006% 0.018%. Also, the import causes decrease 0.089% due demand for imported goods. Moreover, goods 0.4% with occurrence of shock; meanwhile, ...

This study seeks to explain why crude oil prices fluctuate, the main cause being the quota regime, which characterises the OPEC agreements. Given that the Saudi oil supply is inelastic in the short term, a shock in the oil market is accommodated by an immediate price change. In contrast, a dominant firm behaviour in the long term causes an output change, which is accompanied by a smaller price ...

Heterogeneity of regional coronary blood flow is caused in part by heterogeneity in O(2) demand in the normal heart. We investigated whether myocardial O(2) supply/demand mismatching is associated with the myocardial depression of sepsis. Regional blood flow (microspheres) and O(2) uptake ([(13)C]acetate infusion and analysis of resultant NMR spectra) were measured in about nine contiguous tiss...

the aim of this study was to represent effective componentsin demand chain which help organizations attain high performance levelsthrough identification of these components and determining theirdegree of importance. the following questions were major ideas of thisstudy: what are the most effective components in demand chain? andhow are they effective on organizational performance? to this end,m...

The organs of the hepatosplanchnic system are considered to play a key role in the development of multiorgan failure during septic shock. Impaired oxygenation of the intestinal mucosa can lead to disruption of the intestinal barrier, which may promote a vicious cycle of inflammatory response, increased oxygen demand and inadequate oxygen supply. Standard septic shock therapy includes supportive...

In an effort to devise schemes to site-specifically deliver drugs “on demand” we have leveraged the inducible expression properties of the well-characterized class of stress-response factors, the heat shock proteins. We asked whether a small molecule ligand selective for such proteins could be used as a potential theranostic platform. By conjugating a fluorescent dye to a recently identified nu...

This paper studies the effects of health shocks on the demand for health insurance and annuities, along with precautionary saving in a dynamic life-cycle model. I argue that when the health shock can simultaneously increase health expenses and reduce longevity, rational agents would neither fully insure their uncertain health expenses nor fully annuitize their wealth because the correlation bet...

We study the benefits and costs of collateral requirements in bank lending markets with asymmetric information. estimate a structural model firms’ credit demand for secured unsecured loans, banks’ contract offering pricing, firm default using registry data setting where information problems are pervasive. provide evidence that mitigates adverse selection moral hazard. With counterfactual experi...

Sanitation improvement is crucial in saving lives that are lost due to water contamination. Progress towards achieving full sanitation coverage is still slow in low-income informal settlements in most developing countries. Furthermore, resources are being wasted on installing facilities that are later misused or never used because they do not meet the local demand. Understanding demand for impr...

This paper decomposes daily crude oil shocks into demand shock, supply shock and risk shock. Then, it employs Diebold Yilmaz connectedness index approach to explore the differences for time-varying effect of different types structural on new energy stock markets in China, Europe United States during period 10 June 2009–30 October 2018. The findings show that: 1) There are features all markets. ...