and Carbon Emission Constraints Xiao-qing Zhang Xi-gang Yuan (1. The School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130, P.R. China (2. The School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130, P.R. China) Abstract: In this paper, we discuss the government’s reward and penalty mechanism in the presence of asymmetric information a...

We study the evolution and the dominance of the service-based functions and their distinguished features. As the service industry matures, many new processes have emerged to fulfill new functions, such as intense manmachine interaction, knowledge intensive activities, flexibility in the organization, and control and execution of tasks. In this paper, we discuss a wide range of interconnected to...

Application layer networks are software architectures that allow the provisioning of services requiring a huge amount of resources by connecting large numbers of individual computers like in Grid or Peer to Peer computing Controlling the resource allocation in those net works is nearly impossible using a centralized arbitrator The network simulation project CATNET will evaluate a decentralized ...

Real-time applications such as phone, videoconference, multimedia streaming, are typical applications which require relatively small delay and small delay fluctuation. To meet the QoS requirements of these applications, network infrastructures should have the ability to accommodate real-time traffic. Recently, IEEE802.11 wireless LANs, fundamentally based on CSMA/CA, have been widely used as pa...

Real-time applications such as phone, videoconference, multimedia streaming, are typical applications which require relatively small delay and small delay fluctuation. To meet the QoS requirements of these applications, network infrastructures should have the ability to accommodate real-time traffic. Recently, IEEE802.11 wireless LANs, fundamentally based on CSMA/CA, have been widely used as pa...

How do social systems make decisions with no single individual in control? We observe that a variety of natural systems, including colonies of ants and bees and perhaps even neurons in the human brain, make decentralized decisions using common processes involving information search with positive feedback and consensus choice through quorum sensing. We model this process with an urn scheme that ...

The Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), a group organized by governance rules programmed on blockchain, has recently been attracting attention as novel organizational form. effectiveness of DAO’s decentralized mechanism and transparency, secured its code, generally discussed in contrast with traditional stock companies. However, the potential DAO for non-profits, which provide goods se...

variation of frequency and voltage by load changes in a microgrid is a challenge in droop control method. centralized restoration frequency or voltage in a microgrid requires communication link and therefore affects the advantage of decentralized droop control such as reliability, simplicity and inexpensiveness. this paper proposes a decentralized method that restores the frequency of a microgr...

We discuss how decentralized network resource allocation problems fit within the context of mechanism design (realization theory and implementation theory), and how mechanism design can provide useful insight into the nature of decentralized network resource allocation problems. The discussion is guided by the unicast problem with routing and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, and the multi...