Disulfiram has shown promise as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine dependence in clinical settings, although it has many targets, and the behavioral and molecular mechanisms underlying its efficacy are unclear. One of many biochemical actions of disulfiram is inhibition of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme that converts dopamine (DA) to norepinephrine (NE) in noradrenergic neurons. Thus, disu...

Tree diameter at breast height (dbh) and height are the most important variables used in forest inventory and management as well as forest carbon-stock estimation. In order to identify the key stand variables that influence the tree height-dbh relationship and to develop and validate a suit of models for predicting tree height, data from 5961 tree samples aged from 6 years to 53 years and colle...

By using the Coons indirect immunofluorescence technique, enkephalin-like immunoreactivity with a granular localization was observed in human adrenal medullary gland cells and pheochromocytomas. In two of the tumors and in a few adrenal gland cells, a somatostatin-like peptide could also be identified. Catecholamine cell types were visualized on adjacent sections with antisera to the synthesizi...

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of catecholamine synthesis and its expression is necessary for neurotransmitter specification of all catecholaminergic neurons, while dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) is essential for the noradrenergic phenotype. In the present study, we show that Nurr1, an orphan nuclear receptor critical for dopaminergic (DA) neuron developme...

Neural crest cell specification and differentiation to a sympathetic neuronal fate serves as an important model for neurogenesis and depends upon the function of both bHLH transcription factors, notably Hand2, and homeodomain transcription factors, including Phox2b. Here, we define a 1007 bp cis-regulatory element 5' of the Hand1 gene sufficient to drive reporter expression within the sympathet...

Plasma DBH activity was studied in a group of 50 normal individuals, a group of 53 diabetics diagno sed less than 2 years ago (01) and a group of 49 diabetics diagnosed more than 10 years ago (02). The enzyme activity was significantly different in the 2 groups, 01 having the lower activity and G2 the highest. We interpret our results accepting that in G1 the damage of noradrenergic terminals a...

In October 2011, a snowstorm in the northeastern USA caused many branch failures of many tree species commonly planted in urbanized settings. Immediately following the storm, we assessed 1,764 trees for possible snow-induced damage and factors affecting it on the campus of the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, MA, USA. Nearly all failures were of branches, most of which were not defective...

The discrete binary hierarchy (DBH) is a concept underlyingmany important issues in analysis of complex systems: knowledge structures, testand-search organization, evolutionary trees, taxonomy, data handling, etc. It appears that any DBH corresponds to an orthonormal basis of the Euclidean space related to the hierarchy leaves. The properties of these bases form a mathematical framework which c...

Dopamine-fS-hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, was measured in the plasma of two lines of mice selectively bred for differential sensitivity to hypnotic doses of ethanol. Plasma levels of DBH were measured by radioenzymatic assay in long sleep (LS) and short sleep (SS) male and female mice which had no prior exposure to ethanol. LS mice h...

This experiment provides a direct test of our previous suggestion that estradiol regulates dopamine-B-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in hypothalamic loci. Anterior, medial and posterior hypothalamic slices from triplets of rats were taken during estrus and diestus and assayed for DBH activity using the technique of Molinoff et al. [15]. DBH activity was measured in hypothalamic slices on three diff...