This paper studies how students’ prior academic ability, gender, and family background affect performance in upper secondary schools in terms of lack of progression and dropout probability. The link between dropout and lack of progression in post-compulsory schooling is important as graduating from upper secondary school is a prerequisite to attend universities and other higher education instit...

Title: CAUSAL INFERENCE WITH GROUPBASED TRAJECTORIES AND PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING: IS HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUT A TURNING POINT? Gary Allen Sweeten, Ph.D., 2006 Dissertation directed by: Professor Shawn D. Bushway Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice Life course criminology focuses on trajectories of deviant or criminal behavior punctuated by turning point events that redirect trajectories...

We use all available fields with deep NICMOS imaging to search for J 110-dropouts (H 160,AB 28) at z ≈ 10. Our primary data set for this search were the two J 110 + H 160 NICMOS parallel fields taken in conjunction with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF). The 5σ limiting magnitudes were 28.6 in J 110 and 28.5 in H 160 (0.6 ′′ apertures). Several shallower field...

School quality and grade completion by students are shown to be directly linked. Unique panel data on primary school–age children in Egypt permit estimation of behavioral models of school leaving that incorporate output-based measures of school quality. With the student’s own ability and achievement held constant, a student is much less likely to remain in school if attending a low-quality scho...

Consistent with the current emphasis on performance-based accountability in K-12 education, several states and a few local districts have introduced school-based incentive programs. This paper provides one of the few evaluations of the effects of such programs on student outcomes. Using a panel data set for schools in large Texas cities, it measures the gains in student performance in Dallas re...

Pattern mixture models are frequently used to analyze longitudinal data where missingness is induced by dropout. For measured responses, it is typical to model the complete data as a mixture of multivariate normal distributions, where mixing is done over the dropout distribution. Fully parameterized pattern mixture models are not identiied by incomplete data; Little (1993) has characterized sev...

The aim was to investigate predictors of treatment dropout among 182 children (aged 8-15 years) participating in an effectiveness trial of manual-based 10-session individual and group cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders in community clinics. The dropout rate was 14.4%, with no significant difference between the two treatment conditions. We examined predictors for overall drop...

Randomized longitudinal clinical trials are the gold standard to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions among different patient treatment groups. However, analysis of such clinical trials becomes difficult in the presence of missing data, especially in the case where the study endpoints become difficult to measure because of subject dropout rates or/and the time to discontinue the assigned...

BACKGROUND Immunization against diseases is one of the most important public health interventions with cost effective means to preventing childhood morbidity, mortality and disability. However, a proportion of children particularly in Africa are not fully immunized with the recommended vaccines. Thus, many children are still susceptible to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) targeted dis...

This short survey discusses the role of regularization in current deep learning research. Up till now, dropout remains the most popular choice of all deep neural network regularization techniques, and is what this survey is centered around. We first give a general introduction and interpretation of dropout (Section 1), followed by some follow-up works which either improve speed or offer analysi...