background: cryptosporidiumis known as an opportunist disease-causing agent in man in recent decades. it causes diarrhea and intestinal disorders in the immune deficit and immune competent individuals. this study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of hiv/aids patients withcryptosporidiosisinfection. methods: this cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 53 hiv/aids ...

The subject of central nervous system damage includes a wide variety of problems, from the slow selective 'picking off' of characteristic sub-populations of neurons typical of neurodegenerative diseases, to the wholesale destruction of areas of brain and spinal cord seen in traumatic injury and stroke. Experimental repair strategies are diverse and the type of pathology dictates which approach ...

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy was used to monitor structural damage to solid C60 as a function of electron exposure. The characteristic dose was found to be in the range 300–700 C/cm for incident energies in the range 100–200 keV and specimen temperatures between 100 and 300 K. The absolute value of this dose, and its energy and temperature dependence, suggest that the damage mechanism is p...

The clinical features of neurological damage produced by acrylamide, lead, organophosphates, hexacarbon solvents, and methylmercury are described, and the differences in effects of these compounds are stressed. The characteristic pattern of electrophysiological changes for each group of substances are described and correlated with pathological findings.

This paper reviews the literature of the brain retraction injury during the last century. The review focused on the instrument characteristic as well as the physiopathological and histopathological damage of the brain induced by brain retraction. It was found that lesions were induced by cerebral ischemia. We conclude that a better monitoring system needs to be developed to avoid brain injury.

The characteristic visual field changes of early glaucoma occur in the Bjerrum area of the visual field and are related to damage of the arcuate nerve fibre bundles (Traquair, 1944; Harrington, i964a). The susceptibility of these nerve fibre bundles at the optic nerve head to functional changes, whether reversible, relative, or absolute, is the prime characteristic feature of the glaucomatous p...

Crush injury is a recognised cause of acute renal failure, histologically giving characteristic myoglobin casts in biopsy specimens. A similar syndrome can be precipitated by muscle damage associated with barbiturate overdose1 and carbon monoxide poisoning.2 We report a case of acute renal failure in which the renal biopsy specimen showed a typical "crush injury" appearance due to severe acute ...

The recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in using wireless structural monitoring as a low-cost alternative to tethered monitoring systems. Previous work considered wireless sensors strictly as passive elements in the monitoring system, responsible only for collection of response measurements. This paper explores expansion of the wireless structural monitoring paradigm by including...

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form of glau co ma, representing up to 90% of cases. POAG is described as a multifactorial optic neuropathy that is chronic and progressive with a characteristic ac quired loss of optic nerve fibres. This loss develops in the presence of open anterior chamber angles, characteristic visual field abnormalities, and in creased intraocular press...

Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects, of which fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is the most devastating. Recognizable by characteristic craniofacial abnormalities and growth deficiency, this condition includes severe alcohol-induced damage to the developing brain. FAS children experience deficits in intellectual functioning; difficulties in learning, memory,...