The great eighteenth century mystic and scholar, Alal-Din Simnäni, has tried in his last years of life to write an interpretation with a mystical attitude on the Holy Quran in 24 volumes. He has done so by first writing an epilogue to Najm al-Din Räzi's interpretation of Quran under the title of "Bahr al-Haqayiq va-Ma'äni". There, he mentions that his writing will be the first volume of his len...

Al-Birouni's abilities in natural sciences have also affected his historian character. Among his several works, Al-Athar Al-Bakiyah and Tahkik Ma Li-l-Hind are the two most important books written by new method of historiography. Since Birouni has been one of few scholars of experimental sciences who has seriously practiced historiography, analysis of various aspects of his historiography is ne...

increasing academic and professional language demands around the world are not a deniable fact. the purpose of this study was to investigate english language needs and communication needs of the chemistry students at master and ph.d. levels at the iranian universities. in this research, different methods were used including un-structured interview, structured interview, and two sets of question...