background: serologic screening of gastric cancer (gc) by serum pepsinogens (spg) levels and helicobacter pylori (hp) sero-status, though highly informative, has provided heterogeneous results. here, we have evaluated the modifying effects of demographic factors on the risk impact of hp sero-status/spg levels in gastric cancer, with particular emphasis on age. methods: a cross-sectional study w...

micrornas are highly conserved small non-coding regulatory rnas that involve in post transcriptional regulating of gene expression during different cellular mechanisms. aberration of mir-218 expression during tumorigenesis of different solid tumors has been reported by numerous studies. in current systematic review article, by using the terms “mir-218” and “cancer” we first searched for english...

according to the definition by the national institutes of health of usa, a biological marker (biomarker) is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated, as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacological responses, to a therapeutic agent. several studies have reported that a decreased regulating gene expression of biotinidase (btd) is associa...

Secretion of saliva has been studies on man and animals from the histological, cytological, and other viewpoints since H e i d en h a i n (1868) and Zimmer m a n n (1898). On the histological and cytological changes of the salivary glands produced by some reagents, Altmann (1894), A r i m a (1918); Takagi (1925) and many others have reported. It is not enough for understanding the function of s...

The primary, secondary, and final reaction products of the cytochemical staining method for alkaline phosphatase have been demonstrated by x-ray emission microanalysis. The advantages and limitations of the technique in measuring reaction products are discussed. Scanning x-ray emission analysis provides a rapid way of detecting and measuring the amounts of individual elements in cytochemical re...

phological changes nor a remarkable decline of the enzyme activities was observed. These results suggest that the prophylaxis with TJ-9 prevents the occurrence ofhepatic injury, and therapeutic treatment improves the pathological changes induced by D-Gal. Comparing the methods of [[:J-9 administration to the rats, intrapcritoneal administration was more eflbctive than oral on the hepatic injury...

In the present study, we carried out a detailed light microscopy investigation of the cytochemical properties of the haemocytes of the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri, using new cytochemical stains and enzymatic markers, a panel of antibodies and lectins as probes to characterise Botryllus blood cells further. Results indicate that lymphocyte-like cells are circulating undifferentiated c...

Ultrastructural cytochemical changes occurring during the blast phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) are described. Normal developing promyelocytes contain myeloperoxidase (MPO) -positive rough endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, and Golgi apparatus. All secretory granules of normal promyelocytes are also MPO-positive. In this study we have found abnormal promyelocytes with MPO-posit...

For many pathologists, only pedantry can resolve the difference between the terms "histochemistry" and "cytochemistry". Moreover, the better known subject of histochemistry is not distinguished for its quantification. So it may come as some surprise, that the most sensitive bioassays, of polypeptide hormones, that are currently available and that are about one thousand times as sensitive as the...

The eosinophils of a patient with eosinophilic leukaemia were studied with 13 different cytochemical methods using light and electron microscopy. Apart from the 'left shift' of the eosinophils in bone marrow and peripheral blood, the following morphological changes were noted: uncoordinated maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm, changes in size of the specific granules, and hypogranulation to...