Pigment Yellow 74 (PY74) is a monoazo pigment that is used in yellow tattoo inks. The metabolism of PY74 was investigated using rat liver and human liver microsomes and expressed human cytochromes P450 (P450s). Two phase I metabolites were isolated and characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR techniques. One metabolite (PY74-M1) was a ring hydroxylation product of PY74, 2-((2-methoxy-4-nitrop...

Trazpiroben (TAK-906), a peripherally selective dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonist, is being developed for the treatment of patients with gastroparesis. The potential trazpiroben to act as perpetrator or victim cytochrome P450 (CYP)- transporter- mediated drug–drug interactions (DDIs) was evaluated following latest regulatory guidelines.In vitro studies revealed that metabolised mainly through ...

The maintenance of the major hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes has been studied in precision-cut human liver slices cultured for up to 72 h in supplemented RPMI 1640 medium. The relative apoprotein levels of 11 CYP enzymes were determined using a panel of antipeptide antibodies. In addition, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, tolbutamide methylhydroxylase, debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase, and testo...

In the present study, the effect of CP-001, a standardized herbal mixture of Houttuynia cordata, Rehmannia glutinosa, Betula platyphylla, and Rubus coreanus, on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme-mediated drug metabolism was investigated in vitro to evaluate the potential for herb-drug interactions. CP-001 was tested at concentrations of 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100  μ g/mL. A CYP-specific substrate mixture...

Lymphoedema in children and young people (CYP) can cause significant impact affecting physical, psychological social wellbeing. This audit of 286 CYP with (2015–2018) is the first national cohort reported provides new information on patient outcome (PROM) changes over time. Conservative therapy produced statistically change measures relating to swelling, infection, appearance compression garmen...

Previous studies have shown that melanoma patients develop an im mune response to cell surface melanoma-associated antigens. The pres ence of this antibody response to cell surface antigens has been correlated with a better clinical outcome when melanoma patients are treated with an allogeneic melanoma cell vaccine (MCV) as an active immunotherapy protocol. It was hypothesized that the inabilit...

Activators of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) interact directly with its prosthetic heme group, enhancing the enzyme responsiveness in pathological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the sGC activator BAY 58-2667 on voiding dysfunction, protein expressions of α1 and β1 sGC subunits and cGMP levels in the bladder tissues after cyclophosphamide (CYP) exposure. Female C57BL/6 m...

BACKGROUND P450 fatty acid decarboxylases represented by the unusual CYP152 peroxygenase family member OleTJE have been receiving great attention recently since these P450 enzymes are able to catalyze the simple and direct production of 1-alkenes for potential applications in biofuels and biomaterials. To gain more mechanistic insights, broader substrate spectra, and improved decarboxylative ac...