BACKGROUND Talon cusp is a supernumerary structure projecting from the dento-enamel junction to a variable distance towards the incisal edge of an anterior tooth. Studies have shown that it consists of enamel, dentine and a variable amount of pulp tissue. Hyperactivity of the enamel organ during morphodifferentiation has been attributed to its formation. Most previous reports have been made con...

Fusion and talon cusps are rare developmental dental anomalies affecting both primary and permanent dentitions. Talon cusps normally occur on the palatal surface of permanent maxillary incisors, while fused teeth are more common in the primary anterior dentition. An understanding of these dental anomalies and their associated problems are important to provide prophylactic measures, thereby prev...

Purpose: Morphological dental anomalies of the maxillary lateral incisors are relatively common. However, their simultaneous occurrence is a relatively rare event. We report a case of dens invaginatus and talon cusp concurrently affecting maxillary lateral incisors. The etiology, pathophysiology, association with other dental anomalies, as well as various treatment modalities of these anomalies...

BACKGROUND Although health outcomes may have fundamentally nonlinear relationships with relevant behavioral, psychological, cognitively, or biological predictors, most analytical models assume a linear relationship. Furthermore, some health outcomes may have multimodal distributions, but most statistical models in common use assume a unimodal, normal distribution. Suitable nonlinear models shou...

We present flux-ratio curves of the fold and cusp (i.e. close multiple) images of six JVAS/CLASS gravitational lens systems. The data were obtained over a period of 8.5 months in 2001 with the Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN) at 5–GHz with 50 mas resolution, as part of a MERLIN Key-Project. Even though the time delays between the fold and cusp images are small (1 d) co...

In this paper we consider the family of sets verifying the uniform cusp property introduced in [2] and extended in [4] to cusp functions only continuous a t the origin. In the latter case we show that to any extended cusp function, we can associate a continuous, non-negative, and monotone strictly increasing cusp function of the type introduced in [2]. We construct an example of a bounded set i...

T alon cusp refers to a cusp-like structure project ing from the cingulum area of a maxillary or mandibular anterior tooth. Shafer et al. and Mellor and Ripa reported that talon cusp is uncommon and occurs in maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors. Most cases of the anomaly have been reported in the permanent dentition. Ninety percent of the talon cusps occur in anterior permanent teeth, a...

OBJECTIVES Based on a maxillary premolar restored with laminate veneer and using the 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) and μCT data, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different types of buccal cusp reduction on the stress distribution in the porcelain laminate veneer and in the resin luting cement layer. METHODS Two 3-D FEA models (M) of a maxillary premolar were built fr...

Gemination with talon cusps is an uncommon morphologic dental anomaly, characterized by the formation of clinically wide tooth that can cause significant aesthetic and clinical problems including esthetic impairment, pain, caries susceptibility, and tooth crowding. These morphological dental anomalies have specific treatment needs due to the abnormal morphology and need virtuous radiologic diag...