Curved A∞-algebras appear in nature as deformations of dg algebras. We develop the basic theory of curved A∞-algebras and, in particular, curved dg algebras. We investigate their link with a suitable class of dg coalgebras via the bar construction and produce Quillen model structures on their module categories. We define the analogue of the relative derived category for a curved dg algebra.

Which slopes can or cannot appear as Seifert fibered slopes for hyperbolic knots in the 3-sphere S? It is conjectured that if r -surgery on a hyperbolic knot in S yields a Seifert fiber space, then r is an integer. We show that for each integer n ∈ Z, there exists a tunnel number one, hyperbolic knot Kn in S 3 such that n-surgery on Kn produces a small Seifert fiber space. AMS Classification 57...

This paper deals with representing several of the phenomena that occur when light travels a curved path through inhomogeneous media, such as the well-known mirages. Traditional curved ray tracing presents several problems which have not been efficiently solved yet. We present here our approach based both on curved ray tracing and photon mapping, introducing the concept of curved photon mapping.

The purpose of the present study was to identify genetic variants which confer susceptibility to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in high- or low-risk subjects defined by conventional risk factors separately. The study population comprised 2828 Japanese individuals, including 434 subjects with CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)] and 2394 controls (eGFR > or =60 ml...

Various single-rider open vehicles, such as lawnmowers, are susceptible to overturning on slopes that are too steep for them. Warnings have included separation from the vehicles and avoiding slopes that are too steep. A recommended maximum slope is commonly 15 degrees. However, many individuals cannot evaluate slopes just by sight. Some mower manufacturers have warned about too steep slopes and...

The purpose of this article is to present the developed methodology, a brief algorithm mechanical-and-mathematical modeling investigate causes and mechanism soil disruption from hillsides results its use for restoring pre-landslide stress state using example one tragic landslides. numerical finite element studying stress–strain (SSS) deposits slopes inclined-layered structure briefly described,...

Stability of reinforced slopes is almost always carried out using limit equilibrium methods and controlled by the shear strengths of the slope materials and the extension force of reinforcements. According to limit equilibrium methods, the stability of slopes is assessed by dividing the whole failure wedge into several vertical elements. In order to determine the safety factor of the reinforce...

The ability of an implanted ear to integrate multiple pulses, as measured by the slopes of detection threshold level (T level) versus pulse rate functions, may reflect cochlear health in the cochlea, as suggested by previous animal studies (Kang et al., 2010; Pfingst et al., 2011). In the current study, we examined the slopes of T level versus pulse rate functions in human subjects with cochlea...

At a site in the northwestern Sonoran Desert the percent ground cover for the C $ subshrub Encelia farinosa was eighttimes higher on more arid 20° south-facing slopes than on 20° north-facing slopes at 820 m elevation, and was sixtimes higher on north-facing slopes at a 300-m-lower elevation, also the more arid condition. The ground cover of the C % bunchgrass Pleuraphis rigida decreased over 5...

In this paper, effects of the cross shore and groyne wall slopes on flow parameters around an impermeable groyne were considered using a three-dimensional numerical CFD model (i.e., FLUENT). The k-ε turbulence model was used to evaluate the Reynolds stresses. The model was first applied to a vertical groyne on a flat bed and the model results were compared with the relevant experimental data. T...