As they left a fraternity party, 93 college-age students were asked to estimate their blood alcohol level (BAL) and to report whether they were legally impaired. They were also asked to report the number of 10-oz cups of beer they had consumed during the party. Actual BALs were tested on a Breathalyzer and the subjects' self-reported number of cups were compared with the cup-by-cup consumption ...

Although filamentous morphology in bacteria has been associated with resistance to phagocytosis, our understanding of the cellular mechanisms behind this process is limited. To investigate this, we followed the phagocytosis of both viable and dead Legionella pneumophila filaments. The engulfment of these targets occurred gradually and along the longitudinal axis of the filament, therefore defin...

Introduction The orthopaedic industry has expended significant research effort in recent years in reducing wear of UHMWPE articulating surface components. One such approach has been in the development of a heavily crosslinked polyethylene. Crosslinking for long has been known to improve the wear resistance of industrial polyethylene. Clinical experience for over 20 years and an increasing magni...

BACKGROUND A minority of persons at risk develop liver cirrhosis, but knowledge of risk modulators is sparse. Several reports suggest that coffee drinking is associated with lower cirrhosis risk. METHODS We studied 125,580 multiethnic members of a comprehensive prepaid health care plan without known liver disease who supplied baseline data at voluntary health examinations from 1978 to 1985. S...

Phagocytosis is the force-dependent complex cellular process by which immune cells engulf particles. Although there has been considerable progress in understanding ligand-receptor-induced actin polymerisation in pushing the membrane around the particle, significantly less is known about how localised contractile activities regulate cup closure in coordination with the actin cytoskeleton. Herein...

Despite extensive research, the cardiovascular effects of coffee consumption in humans remain controversial. Our aim was to investigate the excretion of coffee phenols and the effects of filtered coffee consumption on oxidative stress and plasma homocysteine (tHcy) concentration in humans. The study consisted of a multiple-dose clinical supplementation trial and a single-dose study. In the long...

Microglia are being increasingly recognized as playing important roles in neurodevelopment. The cerebellum matures postnatally, undergoing major growth, but the role of microglia in the developing cerebellum is not well understood. Using the laboratory rat we quantified and morphologically categorized microglia throughout the vermis and across development using a design-based unbiased stereolog...

Coffee drinking may be associated with reduced risk of endometrial cancer; however, prospective data are limited. Further, it is not clear whether any association between coffee and endometrial cancer differs according to coffee caffeine content. The association of coffee drinking with incidence of endometrial cancer was evaluated among 226,732 women, aged 50-71, enrolled in the NIH-AARP Diet a...

Coffee contains polyphenolic antioxidants and caffeine, which may favorably affect pulmonary function. Therefore, the authors studied cross-sectional associations (1987–1989) between coffee intake and pulmonary function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, a population-based cohort study (analytic sample 1⁄4 10,658). They also conducted analyses stratified by smoking status, since ...