A homogeneous sample of galaxy redshifts in the core regions (R ≤ 0.5 h −1 Mpc) of 12 clusters is used to measure the frequency of substructure with different tests. In 50 % of the cases substructure is detected, a frequency which agrees well with previous studies of cluster cores. Magnitude information and rough morphological classes are also available for 80 % of the sample, allowing us to co...

The static pressure of the hot gas that fills clusters and groups of galaxies can affect significantly the volume density and thickness of the gas disks in galaxies. In combination with the dynamic pressure, the static pressure allows several observed peculiarities of spiral galaxies surrounded by a hot medium to be explained.

Life has evolved on Earth for 3 billion years in the presence of background ionizing radiation (IR). All organisms on Earth are continuously exposed to varying amounts of natural radiation and they have therefore incorporated in their normal biology a daily stimulus of ultra-low–dose radiation. A question arises about the biological effects of environmental background radiation and whether the ...

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational culture and organizational silence organizational citizenship behavior. This research is applied in terms of the purpose and is a survey, based on data collection methods, using structural equation modeling. Statistical population included all the staff in Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. According to the Morgan's ...

It is inevitable that healthcare workers throughout their careers will witness actual or potential threats to patient safety in the course of their work. Some of these threats will result in serious harm occurring to others, whilst at other times such threats will result in minimal harm, or a ‘near miss’ where harm is avoided at the last minute. Despite organizations encouraging employees to ‘s...

background: the present study examines the effects of iranian traditional music and western classical music during 20 min of pedaling on an ergometer, along with the normal factors of profile of mood states and rate of perceived exertion. methods: seventeen non-athlete participants (11 men and six women) with a mean age of 26±1.5 cycled in three conditions: exposure to iranian traditional music...

This piece identifies some of the unique challenges COVID-19 pandemic for non-profit arts administration. It profiles Silence, Guelph a small music venue, art gallery and community space how we have experienced continue to learn from grow through it presents.