Approximately 390 literature references (through spring 1986) were reviewed for mammalian whole embryo culture procedures, with particular attention to the development of those cultures as systems for teratogenicity testing. The existing procedures could be conveniently divided into three groups, which are defined by the periods of embryogenesis that they embrace: preimplantation, peri-implanta...

In view of the growing supply of reference models in various domains and in different formats, and the potential benefits to organizations using them, this article proposes to (1) present the theoretical background to the subject, and (2) situate and discuss issues associated with integrating such references. Adopting multiple reference models poses practical problems for organizations as regar...

The user’s behavior and his interpretation of interactions with others is influenced by his cultural background, which provides a number of heuristics or patterns of behavior and interpretation. This cultural influence on interaction has largely been neglected in HCI research due to two challenges: (i) grasping culture as a computational term and (ii) infering the user’s cultural background by ...

Translators face a number of difficulties while translating. Not only translation of cultural elements is of utmost importance in translation studies, but also it is an arduous task for translators, especially in the case of interlingual translation. One of the biggest concerns of audiovisual translators is culture-specific items amongst which taboo expressions are included. This study aimed at...

The translation of references specific to a given source culture has long been prominent, and often problematic aspect practice research. In indirect translation, or the already translated material, linguistic cultural differences accumulate, meaning that omission (CRs) culture-specific items (CSIs) might be generally expected outcome. Yet before such hypotheses can tested, research methods are...

What is the cultural background of masters arms? meaning scientific and philosophical references scattered in fight books corpus? To what extent does university culture permeate whole society more specifically martial culture? These are leading questions present issue.