Darwin-inspired population thinking suggests approaching culture as a population of items of different types, whose relative frequencies may change over time. Three nested subtypes of populational models can be distinguished: evolutionary, selectional and replicative. Substantial progress has been made in the study of cultural evolution by modelling it within the selectional frame. This progres...

Models of cultural evolution study how the distribution of cultural traits changes over time. The dynamics of cultural evolution strongly depends on the way these traits are transmitted between individuals by social learning. Two prominent forms of social learning are payoff-based learning (imitating others that have higher payoffs) and conformist learning (imitating locally common behaviours)....

PURPOSE Despite the potential benefits of total quality management (TQM), many healthcare organisations encountered difficulties in its implementation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the barriers to successful implementation of TQM in healthcare organisations of Iran. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH This study involved a mixed research design. In-depth interviews were conducted with TQM ...

OBJECTIVES To understand obstacles to and opportunities for improving prostate cancer communication to and within African American communities. DESIGN Researchers conducted interviews with 19 community leaders and five focus groups with healthy men and survivors. The team also conducted process evaluations of two outreach projects in which survivors spoke to African American men about prostat...

Deaf individuals face many barriers when trying to access health care. The reasons why barriers are encountered, difficulties met as a result of the barriers, and ways that health professionals and others working with deaf people can overcome obstacles are included in this review of the literature. A brief summary of Deaf culture and history gives background information to better understand the...

Purpose Studies in circumscribed clinical settings have reported that yoga has been adopted by fibromyalgia (FM) patients of many cultural backgrounds. However, yoga styles vary in the methods they emphasize, and it is unclear from existing studies which types of practices FM patients are typically engaging in, and the extent to which they experience yoga as helpful or not. The purpose of this ...

This article examines the evidence available on obstacles and facilitating factors for the socioprofessional integration of internationally educated nurses (IENs) and tries to generate best practices concerning their workforce integration. In the nursing shortage context, more and more attention is given to IEN recruitment. Still, IENs' integration experiences into their new environment are str...

INTRODUCTION Following policy implementations to redress previous racial and gender discrepancies, this study explored how gender impacted on the clinical experiences of final-year medical students during their undergraduate training. It also gathered their perceptions and expectations for the future. METHODS This cross-sectional, mixed-method study used a purposive sampling method to collect...

This article examines the reforms in education that have been occurring in Indonesia following the socio-political change marked by the fall of the Soeharto regime. Democratic citizens are now desired explicitly in the 2003 Education Act. As the decentralisation policy in governance has been implemented, autonomy in education has resulted in several consequent reforms. School Based Management h...

The original research article by Mills et al (1) provides important insight into the barriers for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among a marginalized population. Our group also examined obstacles to HPV vaccination among an underserved population – Latinas. This population is similar to the Appalachian population with respect to cervical cancer incidence, mortality, and HPV vaccinati...