Flash-cooling of protein crystals is the best known method to effectively mitigate radiation damage in macromolecular crystallography. To prevent physical damage to crystals upon cooling, suitable cryoprotectants must usually be found, a process that is time-consuming and in some cases unsuccessful. A method is described to cool protein crystals in high-pressure helium gas without the need for ...

The control over ice crystal growth, melting, and shaping is important in a variety of fields, including cell and food preservation and ice templating for the production of composite materials. Control over ice growth remains a challenge in industry, and the demand for new cryoprotectants is high. Naturally occurring cryoprotectants, such as antifreeze proteins (AFPs), present one solution for ...

Common carp [Cyprinus carpio (C. carpio)] is an economically important fish species cultured mostly in Asia and Europe. Global production of farmed common carp was about 6.14% (3 172 488 tonnes) of the total world aquaculture production[1]. Artificial insemination can be applied to increase the production to meet this demand due to exploitation of natural stocks. Cryopreservation is a valuable ...

In this study the effect of cryoprotectants that have been shown to be the least toxic to zebrafish ovarian follicles (methanol and Me(2)SO), on mitochondria of stage III ovarian follicles was evaluated. The mitochondrial distributional arrangement, mitochondrial membrane potential, mtDNA copy number, ATP levels and ADP/ATP ratios were assessed following exposure to cryoprotectants for 30 min a...

Cryopreservation of sperm has many applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and clinical medicine. The spermatozoon is a very specialized cell that loses the ability of biosynthesis, repair, growth and cell division during the final phase of spermatogenesis. Cryopreservation of sperm generally requires a reduction or arrest of the metabolism of cells, thereby prolonging their life. Semen sam...

Cryopreservation of tissue slices greatly facilitates their use in drug metabolism research, leading to efficient use of human organ material and a decrease of laboratory animal use. In the present review, various mechanisms of cryopreservation such as equilibrium slow freezing, rapid freezing and vitrification, and their application to cryopreservation of tissue slices are discussed as well as...

Cryopreservation has the capacity to extend spermatozoa's lifespan and viability. In addition, the semen samples can be collected, preserved and stored or sent to distant locations and still be used long after the death of the semen donor. In this study for the vitrification of dog sperm (fresh and swum-up sperm), different cryopreservation mediums on the basis of glycerol, milk and egg yolk we...

We compared the outcome of ooplasmic round spermatid nuclear injections (ROSNI) versus intact round spermatid injections (ROSI). Rabbit round spermatid nuclei and intact round spermatids were recovered and injected into rabbit oocytes (groups A and B, respectively). Fertilization, cleavage and embryonic development rates were compared. In additional studies, five protocols for cryopreservation ...

23 As zebrafish embryos never been cryopreserved, we developed a protocol to store zebrafish embryos 24 (50% epiboly5.3 hpf) for up to 18 h at 0° C. Initial experiments to optimise cryoprotectant solution 25 demonstrated improved embryo hatching rate following chilling at 0°C for 18 h with 1 M MeOH + 26 0.1 M sucrose (56 ± 5%) compared to other combination of methanol (0.2-, 0.5 M) and sucrose ...