Primary productivity and chlorophyll a concentrations were measured in 8 reservoirs in New York City drinking-water-supply watersheds. The light-and-dark bottle O2-change procedure was used to measure gross primary productivity (GPP) once each summer from 2000 to 2002. GPP normalized for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the Neversink and Schoharie averaged only 0.025 and 0.035 g O2/...

Spatially accelerating beams that are solutions to Maxwell equations may propagate along incomplete circular trajectories. Taking these truncated Bessel fields to the paraxial limit, some authors have sustained that it has recovered the known Airy beams (AiBs). Based on the angular spectrum representation of optical fields, we demonstrated that the paraxial approximation rigorously leads to off...

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the anti-ulcer properties of Croton zambesicus leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Group I was control. 40 mg/kg/bodyweight of indomethacin (the ulcerogen) was administered to rats of Groups II-VII. 4 h after administrations of ulcerogen; rats of Groups III-VII were treated daily with oral administrations of 40 mg/kg/bodyweight of omeprazole, 5 and 10 mg/kg/bodyweight...

Malonaldeh yde was applied once to the shaved backs of mice. After daily treatment with 0.1% croton oil, 52% of the mice had tumors at 30 weeks. In the same experiment, other mice were treated once with fi-propiolactone, glycidaldehyde, or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene DMBA), and then daily with croton oil. These animals had 44, 40, and 95% tumors, respectively, at 30 weeks. Twelve mg malonald...

Croton tiglium L. is a traditional medicinal plant grown in tropical and subtropical zone. The extract of seeds is generally used as medicine as they are rich in secondary metabolites, such as, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins. Plant is used in the treatment of various ailments in developing countries such as wound healing, constipation, a purgative, traditional dyspepsia, dysente...

The low temperature photochemical decomposition of 3- chloro-croton aldehyde tosylhydrazone sodium salt in tetrahydrofuran results in the formation of 3- chloro- 3- methyl cyclopropene and 5- chloro- 5- methyl- pyrazolenine respectively. In the presence of moisture, the photohydrated compound 3 was obtained as one of the products

By Surgeon-Major T. E. B. Brown, Principal, Medical School, Lahore; late Chemical Examiner for the Punjab. Of late years a method of poisoning has been used in some t)<\rta c\f Punjab, which is not described in books. It lias neipany been employed for the destruction of cattle, but in a few cases human beings have been killed in the same way. It consists in the introduction of some irritant poi...

Croton oblongifolius Roxb. (Euphorbiaceae) is a weed available all over in the agricultural fields of West Bengal villages. Traditionally this plant is used as wound healing drug in the Bengal villages. As there is less number of scientific information present, an attempt has been taken to search some important phytoconstituents and their amount which may act as marker compounds. Simultaneously...

A new triterpenoid saponin, loniceroside C was isolated from the aerial parts of Lonicera japonica. Its structure was established to be 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester by spectroscopic techniques and chemical transformations. Loniceroside C showed in vivo antiinflammatory activity against mouse ...

The isolation of chemically pure tumor-promoting agents from croton oil in this laboratory facilitated the exploration of a number of areas concerning their mode of action and the role of tumor-promoting agents in chemical carcinogenesis. Our recent studies have centered on the mode of action of these phorbol esters on cellular and intracellular membranes. The use of tumor-promoting agents in t...