Axons are living systems that display highly dynamic changes in stiffness, viscosity, and internal stress. However, the mechanistic origin of these phenomenological properties remains elusive. Here we establish a computational mechanics model that interprets cellular-level characteristics as emergent properties from molecular-level events. We create an axon model of discrete microtubules, which...

Cisplatin, cis-[Pt(Cl(2)(NH(3))(2)], can crosslink residues His67 of domain I and His247 of domain II in human albumin, occupying the major binding site for the essential metal zinc on the protein.

The synthesis and study of the lanthanide luminescent 2,3-bis(1,2,3- triazol-4-yl)picolinamide (btp) based hydrogels F1 F2 is described where Tb( iii ) or Eu( are also used to crosslink btp units within polymers.

The actin crosslinking protein filamin A (FLNa) mediates mechanotransduction, a conversion of mechanical forces into cellular biochemical signals to regulate cell growth and survival. To provide more quantitative insight into this process, we report results using magnetic tweezers that relate mechanical force to conformational changes of FLNa immunoglobulin-like repeats (IgFLNa) 20-21, previous...

We present an experimentally guided, multi-phasic, multi-species ionic gel model to compare and make qualitative predictions on the rheology of mucus of healthy individuals (Wild Type) versus those infected with Cystic Fibrosis. The mixture theory consists of the mucus (polymer phase) and water (solvent phase) as well as several different ions: H+, Na+ and Ca2+. The model is linearized to study...

Maturation of the bacteriophage HK97 capsid from a precursor (Prohead II) to the mature state (Head II) involves a 60 A radial expansion. The mature particle is formed by 420 copies of the major capsid protein organized on a T = 7 laevo lattice with each subunit covalently crosslinked to two neighbors. Well-characterized pH 4 expansion intermediates make HK97 valuable for investigating quaterna...

[email protected] Abstract This paper describes our method for the Cross-Lingual Link Discovery (CLLD). We used English-Japanese document collections in CLLD subtask of NTCIR-9. The topics in our method are translated by Wikipedia. Wikipedia is written by multi-language. In our method, the page written by the target language is retrieved for each topic written in the source language. T...

Collagen crosslink plays a major role in regulating the mechanical performance of load-supporting tissues. The human intervertebral discs have higher concentration of mature crosslinks than any other tissues which signals demanding mechanical requirements. In vitro, genipin, an exogenous crosslink, can increase spinal motion segment stability, improve mechanical properties of annulus fibrosus, ...

Endogenous formaldehyde is produced by numerous biochemical pathways fundamental to life, and it can crosslink both DNA and proteins. However, the consequences of its accumulation are unclear. Here we show that endogenous formaldehyde is removed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5/GSNOR), and Adh5(-/-) mice therefore accumulate formaldehyde adducts in DNA. The repair of this damage is m...

For transcription through chromatin, RNA polymerase (Pol) II associates with elongation factors (EFs). Here we show that many EFs crosslink to RNA emerging from transcribing Pol II in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Most EFs crosslink preferentially to mRNAs, rather than unstable non-coding RNAs. RNA contributes to chromatin association of many EFs, including the Pol II serine 2 kinases Ctk...