This paper analyses investment behaviour of family business owners in order to disentangle risk taking patterns in the Spanish context. In particular, this study tries to show whether family business owners are more risk tolerant than no owners, and which features are conditioning risk taking perceptions and behaviour. For that, we use data from the 2002 and 2005 Spanish Survey of Household Fin...

This article carries out an asset-pricing analysis of the U.S. metropolitan housing market. We use ZIP code–level housing data to study the cross-sectional role of volatility, price level, stock market risk and idiosyncratic volatility in explaining housing returns. While the related literature tends to focus on the dynamic role of volatility and housing returns within submarkets over time, our...

background and aims: pelvic organ prolapse (pop) is a common condition which affects on a large proportion of women. the objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of pop in iranian women. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the role of demographic, anthropometric and clinical characteristics in pop disease in a sample of 365 females in ilam, iran. exam...

purpose: to determine the prevalence and determinants of age-related macular degeneration (amd) in a 40-64 year old iranian populationmethods: in a cross-sectional study, 6,311 people were randomly selected from shahroud. for all participants, visual acuity, refraction, slit-lamp examination and fundus photography were conducted under pupil dilation. results: results of this study are based on ...

aim: oral health is one of the most important parts of public health which significantlyaffects on quality of life. the purpose of this study is to assess the socio-economic statues aswell as oral health behaviors among a sample of iranian students studying in elementary level.methods: this was a cross-sectional study which was conducted from april 2012 tonovember 2012. data obtained from a fac...

This study analyzes the relationship of individual risk attitudes and occupational sorting with respect to occupational earnings risk. By using the German Mikrozensus, a precise measure for earnings risk is computed as the occupation-wide standard deviation of wages. Following the procedure proposed by Bonin (2007), this earnings risk measure is used as dependent variable in cross-sectional and...

We study the effect of permanent income innovations on health for a prime-aged population. Using information on more than half a million individuals sampled over a twenty-five year period in three different cross-sectional surveys we aggregate data by date-of-birth cohort to construct a ’synthetic cohort’ dataset with details of income, expenditure, socio-demographic factors, health outcomes an...

Background: In Cambodia, estimates of the malaria burden rely on a public health information system that does not record cases occurring among remote populations, neither malaria cases treated in the private sector nor asymptomatic carriers. A global estimate of the current malaria situation and associated risk factors is, therefore, still lacking. Methods: A large cross-sectional survey was ca...

BACKGROUND Previous research has linked sedentary behaviour (SB) to adverse physical health outcomes in adults and youth. Although evidence for the relationship between SB and mental health outcomes (e.g., depression) is emerging, little is known regarding risk of anxiety. METHODS A systematic search for original research investigating the association between SB and risk of anxiety was perfor...

When a risk factor has small covariance with asset returns, risk premia in the linear asset pricing models are no longer identified. Weak factors, similar to weak instruments, make the usual estimation techniques unreliable. When included in the model, they generate spuriously high significance levels of their own risk premia estimates, overall measures of fit and may crowd out the impact of th...