Black carbon (BC) is an important part of the combustion product commonly referred to as soot1. BC in indoor environments is largely due to cooking with biofuels such as wood, dung and crop residue. Outdoors, it is due to fossil fuel combustion (diesel and coal), open biomass burning (associated with deforestation and crop residue burning), and cooking with biofuels1. Soot aerosols absorb and s...

Two data sets consisting of measurements of light absorbing aerosols (LAA) in arctic snow together with suites of other corresponding chemical constituents are presented; the first from Siberia, Greenland and near the North Pole obtained in 2008, and the second from the Canadian arctic obtained in 2009. A preliminary differentiation of the LAA into black carbon (BC) and non-BC LAA is done. Sour...

Around two-thirds of all food contributes in India is produced the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), where rice and wheat are two main crops. In India, grown on largest percentage land (32%) followed by (23%). Reusing residues has an impact soil's characteristics crop yield. Rice significant natural resources. With a total yield 10 to 12 t/ha, rice-wheat sequence depletes soil more than 300 kg N, 30 ...

The objective of this paper is to understand the effect of droplet size (decreasing from a millimeter scale to a micron scale) on the combustion characteristics of nanofluid fuels (liquid fuels with suspensions of energetic nanoparticles). An experiment was developed to produce a droplet stream with droplet sizes ranging from 100-500 μm and spacing between 200-600 μm. The droplet stream was ign...