the field of elt is constantly witnessing the introduction of new instructional approaches: one such perhaps recent initiative is critical discourse analysis (cda). accordingly, the present study was an attempt to investigate the impact of cda instruction on iranian efl learners’ descriptive and argumentative writing ability. to fulfill the aforementioned purpose, a sample toefl was primarily p...

Introduction: Cognitive linguists believe that metaphor is a cognitive phenomenon, and that what appears in language is just the aspect of cognitive phenomenon Metaphor is one of the basic interdisciplinary concepts that has been paid more attention to its fundamental role in various aspects of psychology, medicine, including cancer in recent years. Methods:. From the point of view of cognitiv...

Time is frequently expressed with spatial motion, using one of three different metaphor types: moving-time, moving-ego, and sequence-as-position. Previous work shows that children can understand and explain moving-time metaphors by age five (Özçalışkan, 2005). In this study, we focus on all three metaphor types for time, and ask whether metaphor type has an effect on children's metaphor compreh...

The conceptual issues of information use are discussed by reviewing the major ideas of sense-making methodology developed by Brenda Dervin. Sense-making methodology approaches the phenomena of information use by drawing on the metaphor of gap-bridging. The nature of this metaphor is explored by utilizing the ideas of metaphor analysis suggested by Lakoff and Johnson. First, the source domain of...

This paper presents the initial findings of an interpretive research study into improved methods of information systems design through a focus on interaction between information systems practitioners and system stakeholders. It argues that root metaphors and mental models of participants in the systems design act can be identified through metaphor and language analysis. By making these potentia...

language, science and politics go together and learning these genres is to learn a language created for codifying, extending and transmitting scientific and political knowledge. grammatical metaphor is divided into two broad areas: ideational and interpersonal.this paper focuses on the first type i.e. ideational grammatical metaphor (igm), which includes process types and nominalization.  the m...

In this paper, we describe the development and exploitation of a corpus-based tool for the identification of metaphorical patterns in large datasets. The analysis of metaphor as a cognitive and cultural, rather than solely linguistic, phenomenon has become central as metaphor researchers working within ‘Cognitive Metaphor Theory’ have drawn attention to the presence of systematic and pervasive ...