BACKGROUND Under the rapid change of the global financial environment, the risk control of the credit granting is viewed as the foremost task to each bank. With the impact one by one from financial crisis and European debt crisis, the steady bank business is also facing the severe challenge. Banks approve the credits for their customers and then make money from the interest. CASE PRESENTATION...

We measure credit risk premia—prices for bearing corporate default risk in excess of expected default losses—using Markit CDS and Moody’s Analytics EDF data. We find dramatic variation over time in credit risk premia, with peaks in 2002, during the global financial crisis of 2008-09, and in the second half of 2011. Even after normalizing these premia by expected default losses, median credit ri...

Corporate bond yields are sensitive to labor market conditions. During the 1929-2015 period, a one percentage point increase in the unemployment rate is associated with a widening of the Baa-Aaa credit spread by 13 basis points. This paper explores the impact of labor market conditions on credit risk, by incorporating defaultable debt into an otherwise standard Diamond-MortensenPissarides labor...

Credit card is one of the convenient way of payment in online shopping. In this on line shopping, payment is made by giving information like card no, security code , expiration date of the Credit card etc . To rectify the risk factors of using the credit card, every card holder’s spending method is modeled by using HMM. By using this authenticated security check the information of transaction i...

Assume a decision maker has a preference relation over monetary lotteries. The reflection effect, first observed by Kahneman and Tversky, states that the preference order for two lotteries is reversed once they are multiplied by 2 1. The decision maker is constant risk averse (CRA) if adding the same constant to two distributions, or multiplying them by the same positive constant, will not chan...

This paper finds a strong relation between corporate credit default swap (CDS) information and higher moments of equity returns, as predicted by structural models. We use CDS spreads to measure the level of credit risk and to estimate credit market-implied risk premia. The results document that implied volatilities of equity options as well as ex-ante variance and skewness increase with CDS spr...

The paper gives an overview of mathematical models and methods used in financial risk management; the main area of application is credit risk. A brief introduction explains the mathematical issues arising in the risk management of a portfolio of loans. The paper continues with a formal overview of credit risk management models and discusses axiomatic approaches to risk measurement. We close wit...

With the help of a commercial bank in China, we studied consumer credit card debt behavior in correlation with demographics, attitude, personality, and credit card features factors. The study was conducted by using mail-in questionnaires, which were sent to credit card holders who was using or had used either revolving credit or petty installment plans. According to regression functions, we fou...

This paper evaluates several alternative formulations for minimizing the credit risk of a portfolio of financial contracts with different counterparties. Credit risk optimization is challenging because the portfolio loss distribution is typically unavailable in closed form. This makes it difficult to accurately compute Value-at-Risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) at the extreme quantiles tha...