While rural freeways generally have lower crash rates, interactions between driver behavior, traffic and geometric characteristics, and adverse weather conditions may increase the crash risk along some freeway sections. This paper examines the safety effects of roadway geometrics on crash occurrence along a freeway section that features mountainous terrain and adverse weather. Starting from pre...

Purpose An innovative methodology using naturalistic driving data was used to examine the association between visual sensory and visual-cognitive function and rates of future crash or near-crash involvement among older drivers. Methods The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2) Naturalistic Driving Study was used for this prospective analysis. The sample consisted of N = 659 drivers aged ...

A distributed algorithm is crash quiescent if it eventually stops sending messages to crashed processes. An algorithm can be made crash quiescent by providing it with either a crash notification service or a reliable communication service. Both services can be implemented in practical environments with failure detectors. Therefore, crash-quiescent failure detection is fundamental to system-wide...

Computational human body models are widely used for automotive crash-safety research and design and as such have significantly contributed to a reduction of traffic injuries and fatalities. Currently crash simulations are mainly performed using models based on crash-dummies. However crash dummies differ significantly from the real human body and moreover crash dummies are only available for a l...

There has been considerable research conducted over the last 20 years focused on predicting motor vehicle crashes on transportation facilities. The range of statistical models commonly applied includes binomial, Poisson, Poisson-gamma (or negative binomial), zero-inflated Poisson and negative binomial models (ZIP and ZINB), and multinomial probability models. Given the range of possible modelin...

Side impact pole/tree crashes can have devastating consequences. A series of 53 CIREN cases of narrow-object side impacts were analyzed. Twenty-seven of 53 had serious chest injury and 27 had serious head injury. Unilateral chest trauma led to the examination of residual crush pattern that often demonstrated oblique door intrusion into the occupant thorax space. It was hypothesized that unilate...

Motorcycle crashes constitute a significant proportion of traffic accidents all over the world. The aim of this paper was to examine the motorcycle crash patterns and rider fault status across the provinces of Iran. For this purpose, 6638 motorcycle crashes occurred in Iran through 2009-2012 were used as the analysis data and a two-step clustering approach was adopted as the analysis framework....

OBJECTIVE The study evaluated associations between outcome measures used in driving research including self-reported crashes, state crash records, and an on-road driving test (ORT). METHOD A total of 750 community dwelling participants aged 69 to 95 were recruited via the electoral roll into a study on injury prevention. Of these, 509 were drivers, and data on self-reported crashes, and eithe...

PURPOSE To determine the role of vision and visual attention factors in automobile crash involvement. METHODS Drivers aged 65 to 84 years were identified during the baseline interview (1993-1995) of the Salisbury Eye Evaluation (SEE) Study. Crash involvement through December 1997 was determined from Maryland State motor vehicle records. Vision tests at baseline included distance acuity at nor...