Recall that a vector norm on R is a mapping ‖·‖ : R → R satisfying the following conditions: • ‖x‖ > 0 for x 6= 0. • ‖λx‖ = |λ|‖x‖ for x ∈ R and λ ∈ R. • ‖x+ y‖ ≤ ‖x‖+ ‖y‖ for all x, y ∈ R. Since the space Rn×n of all matrices is also a vector space, it is also possible to consider norms there. In contrast to usual vectors, it is, however, also possible to multiply matrices (that is, the matric...

Convergence is a central problem in both computer science and in population biology. Will a program terminate? Will a population go to an equilibrium? In general these questions are quite difficult – even unsolvable. In this paper we will concentrate on very simple iterations of the form

In this talk we will consider three properties of iterations with mixed (finite/countable) supports: iterations of arbitrary length preserve ω1, iterations of length ≤ ω2 over a model of CH have the א2-chain condition and iterations of length < ω2 over a model of CH do not increase the size of the continuum. Definition 1. Let Pκ be an iterated forcing construction of length κ, with iterands 〈Q̇α...

Thermal interaction of fluids and solids, or conjugate heat transfer (CHT), is encountered in many engineering applications. Since time-accurate computations of such coupled problems can be computationally expensive, we consider loosely-coupled and stronglycoupled solution algorithms in which higher order multi-stage Runge-Kutta schemes are employed for time integration. The higher order time i...

Myocardial and cerebral blood flow can be generated during cardiac arrest by techniques that manipulate intrathoracic pressure. Augmentation of intrathoracic pressure by high-pressure ventilation simultaneous with compression of the chest in dogs has been shown to produce higher flows to the heart and brain, but has limited usefulness because of the requirement for endotracheal intubation and c...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate two different repair techniques for the primary repair of patellar tendon ruptures. Using a cadaveric model, we biomechanically compared a double Krackow stitch with, and without cerclage augmentation. The specimens were tested at loads comparable to those likely to be encountered during an early rehabilitation program (approximately 40 Newtons) and for...

This study investigates the hypothesis that shallow edge lifting force in high-level rock climbers is more strongly related to fingertip soft tissue anatomy than to absolute strength or strength to body mass ratio. Fifteen experienced climbers performed repeated maximal single hand lifting exercises on rectangular sandstone edges of depth 2.8, 4.3, 5.8, 7.3, and 12.5 mm while standing on a forc...

BACKGROUND Chronicity of muscle weakness from cancer and its treatment may be problematic, particularly in those treated for cancer during childhood. We compared body composition, muscle strength, and mobility between 75 adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and expected values based on population normative data. METHODS Subjects were young adults treated for childho...

A complete description of the iterated monodromy groups of postcritically finite backward polynomial iterations is given in terms of their actions on rooted trees and automata generating them. We describe an iterative algorithm for finding kneading automata associated with post-critically finite topological polynomials and discuss some open questions about iterated monodromy groups of polynomials.