Received: 5 December 2008 Revised: 27 October 2009 Accepted: 2 November 2009 Online publication date: 20 May 2010 Abstract The issue of corruption is important to politicians, citizens, and firms. Since the early 1990s, a large number of studies have sought to understand the causes and consequences of corruption employing firm-level survey data from various countries. While insightful, these an...

Even the most advanced reverse engineering techniques and products are weak in recovering data structures in stripped binaries—binaries without symbol tables. Unfortunately, forensics and reverse engineering without data structures is exceedingly hard. We present a new solution, known as Howard, to extract data structures from C binaries without any need for symbol tables. Our results are signi...

Background: Paying attention to ethics in the field of education ensures the health of the teaching-learning process. Therefore, the present study was formed with the aim of designing and compiling a model of professional ethics in Sampad schools. Method: The present study is a qualitative research and was conducted by grounded theory method. The statistical population included all principals ...

The Kodila-Tedika & Bolito-Losembe (2014, ADR) finding on no evidence of causality flowing from State fragility to classical corruption or extreme corruption could have an important influence on academic and policy debates. Using updated data (1996-2010) from 53 African countries, we provide evidence of a positive (negative) nexus between political stability/no violence and corruption-control (...

This paper uses panel data of OECD countries during the period 1995–2003 to examine how corruption affects fertility. The Corruption Perceptions Index is used to measure the degree of corruption. Fixed effects IV estimation and the Arellano-Bond dynamic panel estimation are employed to control for endogenous bias and unobservable country-specific effects. Results suggest that the fertility rate...

Quite often shadow economy (SE) and corruption are seen as "twins", which need each other or fight against each other and theoretically can be either complements or substitutes. Therefore, the relationship between SE and corruption has been a controversial and polemical issue and in the spotlight of a remarkable collection of economists and social researchers. The main objective of this study ...

Exploiting a unique data set containing transactions data from a panel of 769 Chinese stateowned enterprises between 1980 and 1989, this paper tests microeconomic implications of a pervasive form of corruption—official diversion of under-priced, in-plan goods to the market. Corruption has the predicted effects on resource allocation. Official under-pricing of in-plan goods, which lowers the mar...

2 Abstract Over the past few decades, many studies of corruption have been carried out. These studies have mainly focussed on specific characteristics such as: economic issues, legal issues, social propositions, impact on national development, and in relation to economic policy. The rationale of this research is to build initial system dynamics models of corruption, so that these models can ext...