Coronary collateral growth (arteriogenesis) is a physiological adaptive response to transient and repetitive occlusion of major coronary arteries in which small arterioles (native collaterals) with minimal to no blood flow remodel into larger conduit arteries capable of supplying adequate perfusion to tissue distal to the site of occlusion. The ability to reliably and reproducibly mimic transie...

Occlusion of small side branch (SB) may result in significant adverse clinical events. We aim to characterize the predictors of small SB occlusion and incidence of periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) in coronary bifurcation intervention.Nine hundred twenty-five consecutive patients with 949 bifurcation lesions (SB ≤ 2.0  mm) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were studied....

Since creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is found predominantly in myocardial and skeletal muscle cells, in contrast to cells participating in the inflammatory response, it was considered likely that measurement of activity of this enzyme in the heart would provide a sensitive and relatively specific index of the extent of ischemic injury following acute coronary artery occlusion. Accordingly, CPK ac...

Background. One or more brief episodes of coronary artery occlusion protect or "precondition" the myocardium perfused by that artery from a subsequent episode of sustained ischemia. We sought to determine whether ischemic preconditioning protects only those myocytes subjected to brief coronary occlusion or whether brief occlusions in one vascular bed also limit infarct size andfor attenuate con...

The problem of the r'elationship between hypertension and coronary occlusion has been r'e-examined. Using newly established limits of hypertension, 600 consecutive private patients with coronary occlusion-500 men and 100 women-all under 65 years of age, were studied. Hypertension did not appear to be a factor in producing coronary disease and occlusion among men, but was a definite factor in it...

coronary artery was occluded for 15-min periods in closed-chest conscious dogs by inflating a balloon cuff previously implanted around the artery. The degree of myocardial ischemia was estimated by summating the S-T elevation recorded from 12 myocardial electrodes. Heart rate was increased by atropine or pacing and decreased by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve. Hypotension was produced...

Although ischemic preconditioning protects myocardium from infarction in isolated hearts and in anesthetized open-chest animals, its effects have not been examined in unanesthetized animals. Furthermore, it is unknown whether animals become tolerant to multiple episodes of ischemic preconditioning. Rabbits were chronically instrumented with a balloon occluder around a major branch of the left c...

BACKGROUND Controversy exists as to whether off-pump CABG with local occlusion results in clinically significant myocardial ischemia during the occlusion period. This study was undertaken to delineate the effects of transient local coronary artery occlusion on regional systolic function. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight consenting patients undergoing left internal mammary to left anterior descending...

Since creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is found predominantly in myocardial and skeletal muscle cells, in contrast to cells participating in the inflammatory response, it was considered likely that measurement of activity of this enzyme in the heart would provide a sensitive and relatively specific index of the extent of ischemic injury following acute coronary artery occlusion. Accordingly, CPK ac...