OBJECTIVES We aimed to test the hypothesis that coronary microvascular spasm (MVS) alone causes myocardial ischemia in patients with angina attributable to epicardial coronary spasm, and to determine whether there is a difference in clinical characteristics between those with and without microvascular spasm. BACKGROUND Patients with "vasospastic angina" have epicardial coronary artery spasm, ...

cocaine is used by more than 14 million people worldwide, about 0.3 percent of the global population age is 15 to 64 years. after alcohol, cocaine is the most common cause of acute drug-related emergency department visits in the united states. cocaine consumption is more frequently associated with acute cardiovascular illness.  cocaine stimulates α 1 , α 2 , β 1 and β 2 adrenergic receptors thr...

An electrophysiological study and a provocative test of coronary artery spasm was attempted in a 68-year-old man who was having syncopal attacks and chest pain. His electrocardiogram had the characteristics of Brugada syndrome and ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced by programmed electrical stimulation. ST-segment elevation became exaggerated by procainamide, which could not prevent the i...

The case of a patient with severe left main trunk disease is presented, in which spasm of the right coronary artery resulted in intraoperative myocardial ischemia and perioperative myocardial infarction. It is suggested that coronary spasm may be a cause of perioperative myocardial infarction, and has to be considered in case of unknown etiology.

We report an unusual case of vasospasm of a grafted radial artery complicated with ventricular fibrillation during the postoperative course of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. To our knowledge this is the first documented case of a radial artery graft spasm leading to a severe arrhythmia. The arrhythmia resolved spontaneously. Radial artery graft spasm was demonstrated by angiography and w...

The incidence of coronary artery spasm at the site of previous successful angioplasty and its importance in leading to subsequent restenosis or recurrence of symptoms are unknown. Fourteen consecutive patients with single vessel coronary artery disease who had undergone successful percutaneous transluminal angioplasty were studied. All patients were given ergometrine maleate (ergonovine maleate...

The incidence of coronary artery spasm at the site of previous successful angioplasty and its importance in leading to subsequent restenosis or recurrence of symptoms are unknown. Fourteen consecutive patients with single vessel coronary artery disease who had undergone successful percutaneous transluminal angioplasty were studied. All patients were given ergometrine maleate (ergonovine maleate...

Bee stings are commonly encountered worldwide. Various manifestations after bee sting have been described 1 . Local reactions are common. Unusually, manifestations like vomiting, diarrhoea, dyspnoea, generalised oedema, acute renal failure, hypotension and collapse may occur. Rarely vasculitis, serum sickness, neuritis and encephalitis have been described which generally develop days to weeks a...

UNLABELLED Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States despite significant advances for the prevention and treatment of CAD. Coronary artery spasm causing demand-supply mismatch with coronary ischemia can mimic CAD, resulting in unnecessary interventions. Left main coronary artery spasm, in particular, is a rare entity with only a few ca...

study of the fine structure of normal and ischemic dog myocardium with special reference to early changes following temporary occlusion of a coronary artery. Am J Pathol 46: 367, 1965 24. Kloner RA, Ganote CE, Whalen DA Jr, Jennings RB: Effect of a transient period of ischemia on myocardial cells. 11. Fine structure during the first few minutes of reflow. Am J Pathol 74: 399, 1974 25. Hutchins ...