Purpose. To investigate the corneal expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and determine its contribution to the immunopathogenesis of dry eye disease (DED). Methods. Seven to 8-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were housed in a controlled environment chamber and administered scopolamine to induce experimental DED. Mice received intravenous TLR4 inhibitor (Eritoran) to block systemic TLR4-mediate...

Therapies for corneal disease and injury often rely on artificial implants, but integrating cells into synthetic corneal materials remains a significant challenge. The electrochemically formed collagen-based matrix presented here is non-toxic to cells and controls the proliferation in the corneal fibroblasts seeded onto it. Histology and biomolecular studies show a behavior similar to corneal s...

PURPOSE To compare small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) versus LASIK for post-refractive dry eye disease. DESIGN Prospective, comparative, nonrandomized clinical study. PARTICIPANTS Thirty patients scheduled for bilateral myopic SMILE and 30 age-, sex-, and refraction-matched patients scheduled for bilateral myopic LASIK were enrolled and followed for 6 months after the surgery. ME...

OBJECTIVE The main objectives for this evidence-based analysis were to determine the safety and effectiveness of photochemical corneal collagen cross-linking with riboflavin (vitamin B(2)) and ultraviolet-A radiation, referred to as CXL, for the management of corneal thinning disease conditions. The comparative safety and effectiveness of corneal cross-linking with other minimally invasive trea...

The exponential evolution of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) has led to a significant enhancement in our knowledge of the living cornea in both its physiological and pathological states. Studies using white light and coherent light-based IVCM have enabled detailed quantitative analysis of sub-basal nerve parameters, and have also resulted in the elucidation of the two-dimensional architectur...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory cells infiltrating to the tarsal conjunctiva are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of corneal lesions in severe allergic conjunctival diseases. The relation between such cells and the severity of corneal lesions was studied. METHODS Six patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) were enrolled in this study. Tarsal brush cytology findings and the severity ...

PURPOSE To compare the corneal volume in keratoconic and normal eyes to improve our understanding of the tissue distribution associated with the disease. MATERIALS AND METHOD The Oculus Pentacam tomographer (Oculus Inc., Wetzlar, Germany) was used to analyze the corneal volume contained within discs with diameters of 3, 5, 7, and 10 mm in 21 patients with keratoconus and 21 matched healthy co...

BACKGROUND Ocular trauma or disease may lead to severe corneal opacification and, consequently, severe loss of vision as a result of complete loss of corneal epithelial stem cells. Transplantation of autologous corneal stem-cell sources is an alternative to allograft transplantation and does not require immunosuppression, but it is not possible in many cases in which bilateral disease produces ...

Introduction: Corneal disease due to trauma, ulceration or infection has rendered more than 10 million people blind across the world. Transplantation of donor corneas is the current gold standard for the treatment of corneal disease. However, short supply and immune related complications are major concerns. Over the past two decades, corneal tissue engineering has gained significant interest as...