classic text for students, researchers and practitioners in psychology and related disciplines. It will also be indispensable for families of people with autism. In the preface, Uta Frith promises us an insight into her science and her passion, and how these two can be combined, and this reader for one was not disappointed. References 1 Baron-Cohen, S. (2002) The extreme male brain theory of au...

A variety of applications in economics, finance, engineering design, the chemical and biological sciences, and a host of other areas give rise to nonconvex nonlinear and mixed-integer nonlinear programs (NLPs and MINLPs). BARON was originally developed in the early 1990s as a computational system to facilitate experimentation with novel deterministic algorithms for global optimization. Since th...

The French word "trier", the origin of the word "triage", was originally applied to a process of sorting, probably around 1792, by Baron Dominique Jean Larrey, Surgeon in Chief to Napoleon's Imperial Guard. Larrey was credited with designing a flying ambulance: the Ambulance Volante. Baron Francois Percy also contributed to the organisation of a care system for the ongoing management of casualt...

In a previous paper (Baron and Vaughan Jones, 1958) we discussed the difficulties of estimating the prevalence of gastric and duodenal ulcer. We concluded, as had Doll (1952), that a population survey was the method of choice, and we studied the whole British Army of 1955. We later studied the Royal Air Force of 1955 (Baron and Vaughan Jones, 1960) and we present here the data on the third arme...

Valeri and VanderWeele [1] used the counterfactual framework to extend formulas from Baron and Kenny [2] to account for exposure-mediator interaction in mediation analysis. The results are also extended to the case when the outcome is binary. VanderWeele and Tchetgen Tchetgen [3] identified the randomized interventional analogues of the natural direct and indirect effects in longitudinal settin...

Interruptions are uncontrollable attention breakers that create stress in the work environment. Past literature has shown that interruptions impair performance. This study examines two common interruption characteristics; frequency and complexity, and investigates their effect on decision-making performance by employing cognitive fit theory (Vessey, 1991), distraction conflict theory (Baron, 19...

In 1863, the Metropolitan Railway of what came to be known as the London Underground successfully opened as the world’s first subway. Its high ridership spawned interest in additional links. Entrepreneurs secured funding and then proposed new lines to Parliament for approval, though only a portion were actually approved. While putative rail barons may have conducted some economic analysis, the ...

Mediation is said to occur when a causal effect of some variable X on an outcome Y is explained by some intervening variable M. The authors recommend that with small to moderate samples, bootstrap methods (B. Efron & R. Tibshirani, 1993) be used to assess mediation. Bootstrap tests are powerful because they detect that the sampling distribution of the mediated effect is skewed away from 0. They...