Paramyotonia congenita was first described by Eulenberg (1886). It is a rare, hereditary disorder of muscle in which severe loss of power is induced by degrees of cooling which are insufficient to affect normal muscle. Myotonia also appears on cooling. However, the paralysis produced by cooling distinguishes paramyotonia from Thomsen's disease. The weakness and myotonia can easily be produced u...

Microbial biofilm and corrosion in cooling systems are the most common problems that damage expensive equipment, cause loss of production, and increase maintenance costs. Sulfate reducing bacteria were considered the major bacterial group involved in microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). We investigated the survival and enumeration of biofilm-associated SRB on coupons of galvanized stee...

BACKGROUND The aim of this paper is to summarise what is known about human response to heat and to use this knowledge to provide guidance on how to maintain the health, comfort and performance of people in heat waves. DESIGN The use of power and especially water are critical in providing cooling. A practical method of cooling people in a water bath is described. A warm bath slowly cooled will...

In this study we compared the effect of temperature variation (> or = 32 degrees C to < or = 27 degrees C) on latency differences median to ulnar (ringdiff), median to radial (thumbdiff), palmar median to ulnar (palmdiff) and the sum of three, the combined sensory index (CSI), in 15 controls and 12 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). After cooling, ringdiff was the most reliable techniq...

Rabbit right ventricular papillary muscles were cooled from 30 to approximately 1 degree C immediately after discontinuing electrical stimulation (0.5 Hz). This produced a contracture that was 30-50% of the preceding twitch magnitude and required 20-30 s to develop. The contractures were identical in cooling solutions with normal (144 mM) or low (2.0 mM) Na. They were therefore not Na-withdrawa...

Amorphous solids, such as metallic, polymeric, and colloidal glasses, display complex spatiotemporal response to applied deformations. In contrast to crystalline solids, during loading, amorphous solids exhibit a smooth crossover from elastic response to plastic flow. In this study, we investigate the mechanical response of binary Lennard-Jones glasses to athermal, quasistatic pure shear as a f...

Alopecia is one of the most common adverse events of chemotherapy and although it is not life threatening it can be psychologically devastating. In an effort to reduce chemotherapy-induced hair loss various preventive measurements, such as the scalp cooling technique, tourniquet and medications, have been developed since 1970 [1]. Methods that have been applied in order to induce scalp hypother...

This paper presents a universal engineering model, which can be used to formulate both counterflow and crossflow cooling towers. By using fundamental laws of mass and energy balance, the effectiveness of heat exchange is approximated by a second order polynomial equation. Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt methods are then used to determine the coefficients from manufactures data. Compared wi...

Hypothermia may limit asphyxic damages to the brain, and many small homeotherms have been shown to use anapyrexic strategies when exposed to asphyxic conditions. Larger homeotherms do not seem to use the same strategy, but could save oxygen and prevent hypoxic brain damage by employing selective brain cooling (SBC) in connection with asphyxia. To test the hypothesis that selective brain cooling...