T his issue contains the first of several planned statistical primers on methodological problems commonly encountered by outcomes researchers. Although several resources exist for the interested outcomes researcher, they are often scattered throughout different literatures and, in particular, are not translated to the " outcomes " setting. Much of the empirical basis of outcomes research involv...

A ‘Chen space’ is a set X equipped with a collection of ‘plots’ — maps from convex sets to X — satisfying three simple axioms. While an individual Chen space can be much worse than a smooth manifold, the category of all Chen spaces is much better behaved than the category of smooth manifolds. For example, any subspace or quotient space of a Chen space is a Chen space, and the space of smooth ma...

Today, charging of EVs generally takes place at home. Just a few charging stations are available in public areas – as part of model studies. Since vehicles are parked frequently, e.g. while shopping or at work, they can be charged during these times. In the future, a broadly based and standardized infrastructure will be built up for this purpose. It has to offer a standardized mechanism for cha...