One of the primary ways to enhance heat transfer rate is to use extended surfaces or fins. The heat transfer mechanism of fin is to conduct heat from the heat source to fin surface by its thermal conduction, and then dissipates it to surrounding medium by convection. Most common application areas of fins are in combustion engines, heat exchangers and cooling of electronic equipments. Early stud...

Thanks to their past history on the main sequence phase, supergiant massive stars develop a convective shell around the helium core. This intermediate convective zone (ICZ) plays an essential role in governing which g-modes are excited. Indeed a strong radiative damping occurs in the high density radiative core but the ICZ acts as a barrier preventing the propagation of some g-modes into the co...