Copper-bearing intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) removed after various times in utero were examined by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis of the elements present. As time in utero increased these devices became increasingly calcified. This calcification may limit the release of copper from the devices and decrease the specific contraceptive effectiveness of copper over...

Levonorgestrel-containing intrauterine contraceptive devices, marketed as Mirena (Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Australia) are widely used in contemporary gynecology, primarily as an effective method for contraception and for control of menstrual disorders like menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea. In this article, the authors report 2 cases of Mirena migration following intrauterine insertion...

BACKGROUND A wide variety of complications due to the extrauterine migration of intrauterine contraceptive devices have been reported in the literature. Here we describe the case of a large bladder stone formed around a migrated Copper T380A device that was neglected and detected 15 years after insertion. CASE PRESENTATION A 48-year-old Sri Lankan woman underwent a workup for lower urinary tr...

During perimenopause, i. e. immediately prior to menopause until the end of the first year after a woman’s last menstruation, fertility has not entirely ceased. Ovulation may occur spontaneously thus effective contraception is still necessary especially if a pregnancy is not desired. No contraceptive method is contraindicated only because of the advanced age.Therefore, perimenopausal women can ...

The Contraceptive Equality Mandate took effect in Wisconsin on January 1, 2010. This mandate from the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance requires all insurance companies in the state of Wisconsin to cover all types of contraception, making Wisconsin the 28th state to do so. This article reviews the literature related to several types of contraception including Implanon (a newly a...