To obtain a higher level of contouring motion control performance for linear-motor-driven multi-axes mechanical systems subject to significant nonlinear cogging forces, both coordinated control of multi-axes motions and effective compensation of cogging forces are necessary. In addition, the effect of unavoidable velocity measurement noises needs to be carefully examined and sufficiently attenu...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the accuracy of the combined maximum and minimum intensity projection-based internal target volume (ITV) delineation in 4-dimensional (4D) CT scans for liver malignancies. METHODS 4D CT with synchronized IV contrast data were acquired from 15 liver cancer patients (4 hepatocellular carcinomas; 11 hepatic metastases). We used five approaches to determine ITVs: (1). ITVAl...

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) at simulation compared to 3DUS at treatment is an image guidance option for partial breast irradiation (PBI). This study assessed if user dependence in acquiring and contouring 3DUS (operator variability) contributed to variation in seroma shifts calculated for breast IGRT. METHODS Eligible patients met breast criteria for current randomized PBI ...

The application of Diierential Equation Interpolants (DEIs) to the visualization of the solutions to Partial Diierential Equations (PDEs) is investigated. In particular, we describe how a DEI can be used to generate a ne mesh approximation from a coarse mesh approximation; this ne mesh approximation can then be used by a standard contouring function to render an accurate contour plot of the sur...

BACKGROUND According to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery's 2004 Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank, during the last 7 years, the number of abdominoplasty procedures performed has increased 344 percent. A national report on abdominoplasty has not been since 1977. Grazer and Goldwyn's study reflects the preliposuction era of abdominal contouring surgery. The purpose of this stu...

CONTEXT Today, different kinds of non-invasive body contouring modalities, including cryolipolysis, radiofrequency (RF), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are available for reducing the volume of subcutaneous adipose tissue or cellulite. Each procedure has distinct mechanisms for stimulating apoptosis or necrosis adipose tissue. In addition to the ment...