Rhythmic bursting on the order of seconds in a cluster of plastic beads under continuous irradiation of a focused neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser beam (1064 nm) is reported. The oscillatory instability is induced as a result of competition between trapping and scattering forces, where both forces are induced by the focused laser beam. Above a critical power of the laser b...

The Berlin energy-recovery-linac project bERLinPro at the HZB is a 50MeV ERL test facility, which addresses physical and technological questions for future superconducting rf based high brightness, high current electron beam sources. The combination of a 100mA cw beam, electron bunches with normalized emittances lower than 1mm ·mrad and the magnet optics of bERLinPro leads to power densities ca...

A study of ion sculpting dynamics in SiO2 and SiN using periodically pulsed ion beams reveals material transport that depends strongly on the time structure of the pulsed beams. It is found that significant nanoscale matter transport can occur over second long time scales after the ion beam has been extinguished. A simple phenomenological model described the dynamics of ion beam sculpting in te...

Self-phase modulation of continuous wave argon-ion laser beam by a medium containing silicon nanocrystallites is reported here. Refractive index of nanocrystallites shows nonlinear behavior with the intensity of probing laser beam when size of nanocrystallites is decreased below 8 nm. A simple quantitative explanation for the observed optical fringes is given in terms of distribution of sizes o...

This paper describes the initial integration of a hybrid reasoning system utilizing a continuous domain feature-based detector, Beacon-based Exceptions Analysis for Multimissions (BEAM), and a discrete domain model-based reasoner, Livingstone. BEAM was integrated into Livingstone to provide independent source of evidence in addition to those of the Livingstone's standard monitors. The additiona...

Pruning is an essential paradigm to build HMM-based large vocabulary speech recognisers that use reasonable computing resources. Unlikely sentence, word or subword hypotheses are removed from the search space when their likelihood falls outside a beam relative to the best scoring hypothesis. A method for automatically steering this beam such that the search space attains a prede ned size is pre...

For solving the atomic structure of organic molecules such as small proteins which are difficult to crystallize, the use of a jet of doped liquid helium droplets traversing a continuous high energy electron beam is proposed as a means of obtaining electron diffraction patterns (serial crystallography). Organic molecules (such as small proteins) within the droplet (and within a vitreous ice jack...

A detailed beam characterization of continuous-wave single-frequency Nd:YAG solid-state ring lasers at a wavelength of 1064 nm is presented. The power noise, frequency noise, beam pointing fluctuations, spatial beam quality, and other properties of eight lasers of the same model were measured with a compact diagnostic instrument based on an optical ring resonator. One of the eight lasers was au...

In the traditional laser beam quality measurement, the lens transform method is used to obtain the information of the multi spot, and can only evaluate the beam quality of a continuous or high repetition rate laser, the evaluation speed is slow and the real-time performance is poor. A micro lens array method is proposed, which samples the laser spot only once and obtains all the spot informatio...