Genome assemblies that are accurate, complete and contiguous are essential for identifying important structural and functional elements of genomes and for identifying genetic variation. Nevertheless, most recent genome assemblies remain incomplete and fragmented. While long molecule sequencing promises to deliver more complete genome assemblies with fewer gaps, concerns about error rates, low y...

Rats with electrolytic lesions of the ventral tegmental area (VTA, n = 32), or sham lesions (n = 32), were tested in four behavioral paradigms in a shuttlebox. The paradigms were designed to assess the motivational influence of CS-US contiguity and response-reinforcer contingency. The VTA lesion increased the number of shuttle responses in the paradigms involving contiguity between a warning si...

Diffusive models of free recall have been recently introduced in the memory literature, but their potential remains largely unexplored. In this paper, a diffusive model of short-term verbal memory is considered, in which the psychological state of the subject is encoded as the instantaneous position of a particle diffusing over a semantic graph. The model is particularly suitable for studying t...

Three experiments examined whether or not benchmark findings observed in the immediate retrieval from episodic memory are similarly observed over much greater time-scales. Participants were presented with experimentally-controlled lists of words at the very slow rate of one word every hour using an iPhone recall application, RECAPP, which was also used to recall the words in either any order (f...

In this paper, we compare the relative effects of segment order, segmentation and segment contiguity on the retrieval performance of a translation memory system. We take a selection of both bag-of-words and segment order-sensitive string comparison methods, and run each over both characterand word-segmented data, in combination with a range of local segment contiguity models (in the form of N-g...

Neurobiological research on learning assumes that temporal contiguity is essential for association formation, but what constitutes temporal contiguity has never been specified. We review evidence that learning depends, instead, on learning a temporal map. Temporal relations between events are encoded even from single experiences. The speed with which an anticipatory response emerges is proporti...

We prove that a (recursively) enumerable degree is contiguous i it is locally distributive. This settles a twenty-year old question going back to Ladner and Sasso. We also prove that strong contiguity and contiguity coincide, settling a question of the rst author, and prove that no m-topped degree is contiguous, settling a question of the rst author and Carl Jockusch [11]. Finally, we prove som...

In this paper, we propose a new time-aware dissimilarity measure that takes into account the temporal dimension. Observations that are close in the description space, but distant in time are considered as dissimilar. We also propose a method to enforce the segmentation contiguity, by introducing, in the objective function, a penalty term inspired from the Normal Distribution Function. We combin...

Evidence from infant studies indicates that language learning can be facilitated by multimodal cues. We extended this observation to adult language learning by studying the effects of simultaneous visual cues (nonassociated object images) on speech segmentation performance. Our results indicate that segmentation of new words from a continuous speech stream is facilitated by simultaneous visual ...