Empirical studies have shown that populations of larval mosquitoes developing in ground pools are subjected to different mortality factors than populations developing in water-filled containers. In general, larvae in ground pools are limited by natural enemies whereas those in containers are limited by resource availability. Containers also are typically smaller than ground pools and lack appre...

Here we present Singularity Hub, a framework to build and deploy Singularity containers for mobility of compute, and the singularity-python software with novel metrics for assessing reproducibility of such containers. Singularity containers make it possible for scientists and developers to package reproducible software, and Singularity Hub adds automation to this workflow by building, capturing...

There is evidence that 4.5-month-olds do not always use surface pattern to individuate objects but that they can be primed to attend to pattern differences through select experiences. For example, if infants are first shown events in which the pattern of an object predicts its function (dotted containers pound and striped containers pour), they will attend to pattern differences in a subsequent...

There are several different approaches to the theory of data types. At the simplest level, polynomials and containers give a theory of data types as free standing entities. At a second level of complexity, dependent polynomials and indexed containers handle more sophisticated data types in which the data have an associated indices which can be used to store important computational information. ...

There are several different approaches to the theory of data types. At the simplest level, polynomials and containers give a theory of data types as free standing entities. At a second level of complexity, dependent polynomials and indexed containers handle more sophisticated data types in which the data have an associated indices which can be used to store important computational information. ...

Recent studies have shown that handcrafted glass-clay containers are a health risk because they can be contaminated by heavy metals, which can be transferred to food, thus reaching the human body to potentially cause illness. Therefore, in the present work, we evaluate the leaching of lead, cadmium, and cobalt from glass-clay containers into two types of food: tomato sauce (salsa), and chickpea...

Millions of shipping containers filled with goods move around the world every day. Before such a container may enter a trade bloc, the customs agency of the goods’ destination country must ensure that it does not contain illegal or mislabeled goods. Due to the high volume of containers, customs agencies make a selection of containers to audit through a risk analysis procedure. Customs agencies ...

Most over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceutical container labels are printed in very small type. Consequently, people with visual impairments (e.g., presbyopia in older adults) have difficult reading the material. Some OTC drugs are packaged in containers with easy-open caps. This design increases the surface area that could be used to enhance the labeling. In Experiment 1, older adults (M = 75.1 ye...

Small unilamellar liposomes, 40-60 nm in diameter, composed of anionic diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin, CL(2-)) or phosphatidylcerine (PS(1-)) and zwitter-ionic egg yolk lecithin (EL) or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), electrostatically complex with polystyrene microspheres, ca. 100 nm in diameter, grafted by polycationic chains ("spherical polycationic brushes", SPBs). Polymer/lipos...

In this paper, we consider Dijkstra’s algorithm for the single source single target shortest path problem in large sparse graphs. The goal is to reduce the response time for on-line queries by using precomputed information. Due to the size of the graph, preprocessing space requirements can be only linear in the number of nodes. We assume that a layout of the graph is given. In the preprocessing...