This article describes some of the underlying conceptualizations that have gone into the work of the BEAR Center in the development of learning progressions. The core of all of these developments has been the construct map, which is the first building block in the BEAR Assessment System (BAS). After introducing the concept of a learning progression, the article summarizes the elements of the BA...

Background: Software developers insert log statements in the source code to record program execution information. However, optimizing the number of log statements in the source code is challenging. Machine learning based within-project logging prediction tools, proposed in previous studies, may not be suitable for new or small software projects. As these software projects do not have sufficient...

Examining the interrelationships among critical success factors (CSFs) for public private partnership (PPP) projects is of importance for improving PPP project performance and maintaining the sustainability of PPP project implementation. Previous studies mostly focused on the identification of the CSFs for PPP projects; limited studies investigated the interrelationships among CSFs. Hence, the ...

1 During the last decade the role of the public sector in the financing of infrastructure projects has changed radically, both in developed and in emerging economies. On the one hand, budgetary constraints are now more restrictive. On the other hand, it is also widely accepted that the private management of public projects generates efficiency gains. 1 As a consequence, the role of the public s...

Medical warehouses are architectural construct of an information system that provides users with current and historical decision support information. But medical warehouse projects suffers from overestimation of resources because of improper estimation approaches which do not suit well on poorly defined architecture of medical warehouses. In this paper, we have first proposed a framework for an...

The open source model is a form of software development with source code that is typically made available to all interested parties. At the core of this process is a decentralized production process: open source software development is done by a network of unpaid software developers. Using data from Sourceforge.net, the largest repository of Open Source Software (OSS) projects and contributors ...

Measurement Validity Types Idea of Construct Validity Convergent & Discriminant Validity Threats to Construct Validity The Nomological Network The Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix Pattern Matching for Construct Validity Construct validity refers to the degree to which inferences can legitimately be made from the operationalizations in your study to the theoretical constructs on which those operati...