Albert Einstein (1879-1955) predicted a general expansion of the universe from his General Theory of Relativity. In fact, expansion or collapse (deflation) seemed an almost inevitable result of his original field equations. Einstein, however, did not believe that either of these results could be correct, since neither was supported by astronomical observations at the time that he had obtained t...

Starting from the Hamiltonian equation of motion in QCD, we identify an invariant light-front coordinate zeta which allows the separation of the dynamics of quark and gluon binding from the kinematics of constituent spin and internal orbital angular momentum. The result is a single-variable light-front Schrödinger equation for QCD which determines the eigenspectrum and the light-front wave func...

We implement a three-body confinement force, introduced on an algebraic basis, into a semirelativistic version of the Goldstone-boson-exchange constituent quark model. By solving the Faddeev equations we show that this interaction can increase the gap between singlet and colour states, such as the latter can be ignored. We present results for a ∆and a Y-shape threebody interaction in terms of t...

The systematic approach to study bound states in quantum chromodynamics is presented. The method utilizes nonperturbative flow equations in the confining background, that makes possible to perform perturbative renormalization and to bring the QCD Hamiltonian to a block-diagonal form with the number of quasiparticles conserving in each block. The effective block-diagonal Hamiltonian provides con...

We use the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization approach in the context of constituent quark models. This method provides, for the Cornell potential, analytical formulas for the energy spectra which closely approximate numerical exact calculations performed with the Schrödinger or the spinless Salpeter equations. The Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization procedure can also be used to calculate other observables...

The renormalization of the effective QCD-Hamiltonian theory for the quarkantiquark channel is performed in terms of a renormalized or fixed-point Hamiltonian that leads to subtracted dynamical equations. The fixed pointHamiltonian brings the renormalization conditions as well as the counterterms that render the theory finite. The approach is renormalization group invariant. The parameters of th...

An outline is given how to formulate a relativistic unitarized constituent quark model of mesons in momentum space, employing harmonic quark confinement. As a first step, the momentum-space harmonic-oscillator potential is solved in a relativistically covariant, three-dimensional quasipotential framework for scalar particles, using the spline technique. Then, an illustrative toy model with the ...

The shock structure in a binary mixture of polyatomic Eulerian gases with different degrees freedom molecule is studied based on the multi-temperature model rational extended thermodynamics. Since system field equations hyperbolic, shock-structure solution not always regular, and discontinuous parts (sub-shocks) can be formed. For given values mass ratio specific heats constituents, we identify...

We observe that the Schrodinger equation may be written as two real coupled Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ)-like equations, each involving a quantum potential. Developing our established programme of representing state through exact free-standing deterministic trajectory models, it is shown how evolution treated autonomous propagation congruences. The wavefunction at point derived from action functions, g...