Cercospora leaf spot disease is a serious problem for lettuce cultivation worldwide. lactucae-sativa, the causative agent of on lettuce, was treated with non-thermal atmospheric pressure gliding arc (GA), tesla coil (TC) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas in vitro fungal inactivation both mycelial growth conidial germination. The fungus exposed to three individually 5, 10, 15 20 min...

Abstract Isothiocyanates are biotoxic degradation products formed as a result of enzymatic hydrolysis glucosinolates present in Brassica species. The application biofumigant crops, an alternative crop protection method for soilborne pathogens and pests is increasingly gaining interest. However, little known the potential biofumigation to reduce inoculum Fusarium species affecting cereals. aim t...

Abstract Transcription factors (TFs) play critical roles in the control of development and pathogenicity phytopathogens by directly or indirectly regulating expression downstream genes. Here, we identified characterized a zinc finger TF UvMsn2 Ustilaginoidea virens , homolog MoMsn2 from rice blast fungus. Heterogenous complementation assay revealed that fully restored defects ?Momsn2 mutant veg...

The survival and foraging of Coptotermesformosanus Shiraki in a microbe-rich environment reflect the adaptation of an extraordinary, sophisticated defense mechanism by the nest-mates. We aimed to explore the host pathogen interaction by studying caste-specific volatile chemistry and genes encoding the antioxidant defense of winged imagoes, nymphs, soldiers and workers of Formosan subterranean t...

Guanylate kinases (GKs), which convert guanosine monophosphate into guanosine diphosphate (GDP), are important for growth and mannose outer chain elongation of cell wall N-linked glycoproteins in yeast. Here, we identified the ortholog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae GK Guk1, named MoGuk1 and a novel family of fungal GKs MoGuk2 in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. MoGuk1 contains 242 aa wit...

The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways has been implicated in the pathogenicity of various pathogenic fungi and plays important roles in regulating pathogenicity-related morphogenesis. This work describes the isolation and characterization of MAP kinase gene, Cgl-SLT2, from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. A DNA sequence, including 1,633 bp of Cgl-SLT2 open-reading frame and its pro...