INTRODUCTION Congenital insensitivity to pain, a rare neurological entity, is characterized by varying degrees of sensory loss and autonomic dysfunction. Orthopedic manifestations of congenital insensitivity to pain include delayed diagnosis of fractures, nonunions, malunions, Charcot arthropathy, acro-osteolysis, avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, heterotopic ossification and joint dislocation...

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease which is also known as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 4 (1). The prominent characteristics of the disease include fever due to anhidrosis, absence of sense of pain, painless ulcers in the structures inside the mouth and extremities, self-harm behavior, mild to severe mental r...

Animal studies have shown that visual deprivation during the first months of life permanently impairs the interactions between sensory systems. Here we report an analogous effect for humans who had been deprived of pattern vision for at least the first five months of their life as a result of congenital binocular cataracts. These patients showed reduced audiovisual interactions in later life, a...

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a rare neural tube defect affecting terminal spinal segments and cord manifesting as neurological deficit ranging from bladder and bowel involvement to severe sensory motor deficits in lower limbs. It has sporadic appearance and maternal diabetes, genetic factors, teratogens and hypoperfusion are considered as possible etiologic factors and it can be associat...

A full-term infant with an uncomplicated vaginal delivery presented with absent cry on routine newborn heelstick testing. Neurologic examination revealed paraplegia, absent reflexes, and a T4 sensory level. Spinal MRI showed an expansive, gadolinium-enhancing intramedullary mass from T2 to the thecal sac (figure, A and B). Biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of cellular schwannoma, WHO grade 1 (figure...

Special health care needs include any physical, developmental, mental, sensory, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairment or limiting condition that requires medical management, health care intervention, and/or use of specialized services or programs. The condition may be congenital, developmental, or acquired through disease, trauma, or environmental cause and may impose limitations in pe...

The treatment of severe rigid neurogenic clubfoot deformities still remains a challenging problem in modern paediatric orthopaedics. In those cases, in spite of being a palliative procedure, talectomy has been advocated for the correction of the deformity thus providing a stable plantigrade foot which allows pain-free walking with standard footwear. Herein, we present the results after talectom...