Retro-aortic left innominate vein is a rare vascular abnormality, usually associated with congenital heart disease. Here we report a case of isolated retro-aortic left innominate vein in an adult female.

Unilateral lung agenesis is a rare congenital abnormality that typically presents with respiratory distress after birth. Prognostic factors include the side of affected along presence or absence other abnormalities. Prenatal imaging can make diagnosis which assist healthcare team in preparing to care for neonate, as well set expectations family. In this case series, we describe three cases unil...

We report a man and his son with congenital limb contractures, limitation of ocular movements, and an electroretinal abnormality. They appear to have an autosomal dominant form of arthrogryposis, distinguishable from other previously classified forms of this disorder.

Abstract Background Classic bladder exstrophy is a complex, multi-system congenital malformation affecting formation of the genitourinary system, pelvis, and abdominal wall. Main body Historically children with this abnormality were consigned to poor outcomes quality life. Modern advancements in diagnosis management disorder have resulted low mortality rates shifted clinical focus toward optimi...

Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital heart defect usually detected by echocardiography or at the time of aortic valve surgery. Preoperative recognition of this abnormality has clinical significance because it is frequently associated with other congenital cardiac abnormalities and anomalies of coronary origin. We report a case of quadricuspid aortic valve, which was detected preoperat...

Case Report Maternal History. The father and mother were both aged 39 and were first cousins. There was no maternal history of radiation. This was the seventh pregnancy. She had had a previous stillbirth, but all babies with the exception of the present had been born at home. The 5 children, aged from 3 to i6 years, were alive and well. A normal live child was born to the parents I9 months afte...

wet zone of Sri Lanka. The second patient was bitten by Tetraponera rufonigra ('Hathpolaya') belonging to the subfamily of Pseudomyrmecinae. Ant venom consists of proteins, enzymes, formic acid and other chemicals. Venom differs from species to species. Skin test using ant extract, specific IgE assays and immunotherapy with whole body extract of the ant are available in some countries. Venom ex...

Congenital iris ectropion is a rare condition; non-progressive anomaly characterised by the presence of iris pigment epithelium on the anterior surface of the iris stroma and is frequently associated with anterior iris insertion, dysgenesis of the drainage angle and glaucoma. This paper describes unusual case of bilateral case of congenital iris ectropion in adult patient with pupillary abnorma...

Congenital abnormalities are described as anomalies involving structure, metabolic or endocrine processes, or genetic coding that is present in the newborn at the end of the pregnancy. Neural tube defects are the most common abnormality of the central nervous system, probably second only to cardiac defects when considering major congenital anomalies. Representing a major public health concern, ...