Natural products (NPs) continue to play a pivotal role in drug discovery programs. The rapid development of synthetic biology has conferred the strategies of NPs production. Synthetic biology is a new engineering discipline that aims to produce desirable products by rationally programming the biological parts and manipulating the pathways. However, there is still a challenge for integrating a h...

( Global optimization is an essential part of any kind of system. Various algorithms have been proposed that try to imitate the learning and problem solving abilities of the nature up to certain level. The main idea of all nature-inspired algorithms is to generate an interconnected network of individuals, a population. Although most of unconstrained optimization problems can be easily handled w...

Communities of Practice (CoPs) provide a good medium for effective utilization of knowledge workers and group innovation in an organization. It is also an organizational instrument for developing competitive advantage based on chosen business strategy. For effective operation of CoPs and utilization of organizational resources business strategy and knowledge sharing attributes of knowledge work...

Two significant types of Learning Community (LC) which have evolved to facilitate timely knowledge generation are corporate Communities of Practice (CoPs) (Wenger et al 2002) and Virtual Learning Communities (VLCs) (Rheingold 1993). These LCs have proven notoriously difficult to create and maintain due to their intrinsic complex nature; the multiple interactions of people, motivational drivers,...