Two experiments used the head-mounted eye-tracking methodology to examine the time course of lexical activation in the face of a non-phonemic cue, talker variation. We found that lexical competition was attenuated by consistent talker differences between words that would otherwise be lexical competitors. In Experiment 1, some English cohort word-pairs were consistently spoken by a single talker...

Abstract China is a leader in the global transportation industry, with an especially significant position ocean ports. A mapping of every port outside reveals that Chinese firms own or operate terminal assets ninety-six ports fifty-three countries. An original dataset firms' overseas holdings documents geographic distribution, ownership, and operational characteristics these What are internatio...

Predation and competition are critical processes influencing the ecology of organisms, and can play an integral role in shaping coral reef fish communities. This study compared the relative and interacting effects of competition and predation on two competing species of coral reef fish, Pomacentrus amboinensis and P. moluccensis (Pomacentridae), using a multifactorial experiment. Fish were subj...

Patch occupancy theory predicts that a trade-off between competition and dispersal should lead to regional coexistence of competing species. Empirical investigations, however, find local coexistence of superior and inferior competitors, an outcome that cannot be explained within the patch occupancy framework because of the decoupling of local and spatial dynamics. We develop two-patch metapopul...

Previous studies in to predictive modelling of sports have largely concentrated on those which belong to the group of sports and games which can be termed as one-on-one: those where teams or players face each other in pairs e.g. football, basketball and tennis. Here the case of multi-competitor games or sports such golf, horse racing and motor sport, which are defined as ones in which three or ...

The web with its rapid expansion has become an excellent resource for gathering information and people’s opinion. A company owner wants to know who is the competitor, and a customer also wants to know which company provides similar product or service to what he/she is in want of. This paper proposes an approach based on mutual information, which focuses on mining competitors of the entity(such ...

INTRODUCTION The first step in competitive RT-PCR is the synthesis and purification of the synthetic competitor. This is an RNA molecule designed to be reverse-transcribed and PCR-amplified with the same efficiency as the endogenous transcript of interest. Once the competitor molecule has been prepared, as described in this protocol, competitive PCR can be carried out, as described in Comptetit...

We study how business customers make multi-product purchase decisions and how the distributors who sell those products can make inferences about their demand functions with incomplete information. The problem is that distributors rarely observe a competitor's price directly, and must infer competitor response indirectly from their own observations about customer purchases. In this research we p...