The principal focus of this paper is to study carrier pricing decisions for a new type of vehicle routing problems defined in a competitive and dynamic environment. This paper introduces the Vehicle Routing Problem in a Competitive Environment (VRPCE), as an extension of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Profits (TSPP) to a dynamic competitive auction environment. In the VRPCE, the carrier mu...

This paper presents a review of the literature on dynamic pricing models in management science. We discuss monopolistic and competitive situations, with an emphasis on applications in different contexts. We also describe the main development perspectives of this literature.

Retail chains essentially practice one of two broad strategies in setting prices across their stores. The more straightforward is to set a chain-or country-wide price. Alternatively, managers of retail chains may customize prices to the store level according to local demand and competitive conditions. For example, a chain may price lower in a location with lower demand and/or more competition. ...

By employing dynamic pricing, the act of changing prices over time within a marketplace, sellers have the potential to increase their revenue by selling goods to buyers "at the right time, at the right price." Software agents have been used in electronic commerce systems to assist buyers, but there is limited use of selling agents in today's markets. As dynamic pricing systems become necessary ...

We organize the existing theoretical pricing research into a new two-level framework for industrial goods pricing. The first level consists of four pricing situations: New Product, Competitive, Product Line, and Cost-based. The second level consists of the pricing strategies appropriate for a given situation. For example, within the new product pricing situation, there are three alternative pri...

tire industry in is ecountring  an internal  competitive  market, so they need to incease their efforts in international markets. it seems that these  efforts should  be directed  by the knowledge of global marketing theories. in this research the application level of marketing theories in tire industry is measured,and by offering a model  with three categories of marketing elements. the optimu...

This paper presents a theory of consumer subscription service, unifying priority service and dynamic pricing within a two-settlement system in ways that foster efficient risk management and competitive electricity markets. Consumer subscription service entails transactions in two time periods: a forward transaction that allows consumers to select service options to hedge financial risks and a s...

A unique value proposition of Internet-based digital marketing is the availability of precise measures of the actual performance of individual campaigns, which makes performance-based advertising pricing schedules feasible. These pricing schemes are studied in the presence of competition, performance uncertainty and asymmetric information about the quality of the client’s content and the effect...

Telecommunications industry is a highly competitive one where operators’ strategies usually rely on significantly reducing minute rate in order to acquire more subscribers and thus have higher market share. However, in the last few years, the numbers of customers are noticeably increasing leading to more stress on the network, and higher congestion rate, i.e. worse quality of service (QoS). Bec...