In this paper, a new concept of invariance for saturated linear systems is presented. This new notion of invariance, denoted SNS-invariance, has a number of geometrical properties that makes its use suitable for the estimation of the domain of attraction of saturated systems. The notion of SNS-domain of attraction, that serves as an estimation of the domain of attraction of a saturated system, ...

Complex systems have typically more than one attractor, either periodic or chaotic, and their basin structure ultimately determines the final-state predictability. When certain symmetries exist in the phase space, their basins of attraction may be riddled, which means that they are so densely intertwined that it may be virtually impossible to determine the final state, given a finite uncertaint...

Based on the electromagnetism-like algorithm, an evolutionary algorithm, improved EM algorithm with genetic algorithm technique (IEMGA), for optimization of fractional-order PID (FOPID) controller is proposed in this article. IEMGA is a population-based meta-heuristic algorithm originated from the electromagnetism theory. It does not require gradient calculations and can automatically converge ...

We investigated how group membership impacts valence judgments of ingroup and outgroup members' emotional expressions. In Experiment 1, participants, randomized into 2 novel, competitive groups, rated the valence of in- and outgroup members' facial expressions (e.g., fearful, happy, neutral) using a circumplex affect grid. Across all emotions, participants judged ingroup members' expressions as...

This paper presents a novel social interaction relation, attraction (interaction that would lead to occlusion for inter-object) for multiobject tracking to handle occlusion issue. We propose to build attraction by utilizing spatial-temporal information from 2D image plane, such as decomposed distance between objects. Then pairwise attraction force is obtained by the modeled attraction. Lastly, ...

Attraction models are very popular in marketing research for studying the e ects of marketing instruments on market shares. However, so far the marketing literature only considers attraction models with certain functional forms that exclude threshold or saturation e ects on attraction values. We can achieve greater exibility by using the neural net based approach introduced here. This approach ...

The urgent need to provide capital from developing countries and improve the level of technology has made it necessary to attract foreign investment. FDI can respond to this need as an inflow of capital, technology, and technical know-how. The present study investigated the role of FDI attraction determinants through a technology transfer approach comprehensively and coherently. This research w...

Introduction: Today the market of medical tourism is growing as one of the competitive and profitable industries in the world. The aim of this study was to determine medical tourist attraction in Tehran hospitals. Methods: This is a descriptive study which was carried out in 8 hospitals of Tehran in 2012. 195 people from the managing boards of these hospi...

This study investigated the relationship between group norms and interpersonal attraction in group work setting. It may be assumed that interpersonal attraction, like group functions, has two conflictive orientations: instrumentality and emotionality. Relationship of the two orientations in interpersonal attraction to group norms was examined in two experiments. Results of Experiment 1, with 66...

The debate on whether artificial reefs produce new fish or simply attract existing fish biomass continues due to the difficulty in distinguishing these processes, and there remains considerable doubt as to whether artificial reefs are a harmful form of habitat modification. The harm typically associated with attraction is that fish will be easier to harvest due to the existing biomass aggregati...